Fic. 116, III.—Prickly Sago Palm. Ripe fruit and remains of a staminate 
branch of the flower-cluster. (LeMaout and Decaisne.)—Three years 
are required to ripen this strangely armored fruit. 
Fic. 117, I.—Bitter Cassava (Manihot utilissima, Spurge Family, Euphor- 
biacee). A shrub 2-3 m. tall, producing swollen roots weighing 10 kg. 
or more; flowers staminate and pistillate on the same plant; fruit dry, 
breaking apart. (Pax.) 
