COLORING MATTERS 291 
and is collected in hollow joints of bamboo. In these it 
hardens into cylinders, which, after they are removed for 
export, are found to bear the marks of the curious receptacle. 
Gamboge mixes readily with water, and largely dissolves in 
oils and in alcohol. For this reason as well as for its bright 
transparent yellow color it is highly valued by artists as a 
pigment. It is widely used also to impart a golden tinge to’ 
Fig. 274.—Siamese Gamboge-tree (Garcinia Hanburyi, Gamboge Family, 
Guttifere). Branch with pistillate flowers and fruit; a, pistillate flower; 
b, staminate flower; c, stamens; d, pistil surrounded by rudimentary 
stamens; e, pistil; f, same, cut vertically; g, ovary, cut across. (Baillon, 
Hanbury.)—Tree about 18 m. tall; leaves glossy; flowers yellowish; 
fruit cherry-like, reddish brown. Native home, Southern Asia. 
varnish intended for certain purposes, especially in lacquer 
for metal work. 
Indigo has been called the ‘‘ King of Dyestuffs” in recogni- 
tion of the permanency and strength of its deep blue color, 
and the supremacy it has maintained over all rivals from the 
time of its first use in India thousands of years ago even to 
the present day, although an artificial indigo is now coming 
into use. Curiously enough the blue coloring matter is not 
present as such in indigo-plants. It is derived from a sub- 
