THE ROSE FAMILY | 363 
as in certain of the poppy family, but the ovary instead of 
being one-celled is divided into two compartments by a 
partition extending between the parietal placente. When 
ripe the carpels mostly separate from the placentz and from 
this partition. Such a fruit is called a silique.1 The ovules 
differ from any we have seen among the plants of the crow- 
foot order in lacking a raphe and being curved to a somewhat 
kidney-like form. When thus curved, ovules are described 
as campylotropous.? 
The seeds are almost always exalbuminous and have the embryo 
commonly bent in various ways—a peculiarity expressed in the 
formulas by GA. 
Note how closely similar are the formulas of Brassica, Nasturtium, 
Raphanus, and Crucifere given on pages 406, 407. 
As a definition of the family we have thus:— 
Mustard family: mostly herbs without milky or colored juice 
or oil reservoirs, often of sharp taste though pleasant flavor; 
ebracteate inflorescence; usually hypogynous flowers with all 
the parts in whorls of two (with the apparent exception of the 
four inner and longer stamens), the ovary divided into two cells 
by a partition joining the parietal placente; the fruit almost 
always a silique with exalbuminous seeds having the embryo 
variously bent. 
111. The poppy order (Papaverales or Rhceadales) com- 
prises a few families well represented by the poppy and the 
mustard families and agreeing in having mostly racemose 
inflorescences of complete, hypogynous, regular or wrregular 
flowers with the sepals, petals, and stamens all distinct and 
free, and a compound pistil with parietal placente. It is 
the union of the carpels by their edges which mainly dis- 
tinguishes this from the crowfoot order. 
For comparison we have a typical formula of the order on pages 
408, 409. 
112. The rose family (Rosacez) as illustrated by the 
almond (Fig. 31, page 42), apple (Figs. 91 I, II, pages 86, 
87), pear (Fig. 92, page 87), quince (Figs. 93 I, II, page 88), 
1 Si-lique’ < L. siliqua, a pod; Cj*. * 
2 Cam-py-lot’ro-pous < Gr. kampylos, curved; trope, a turn. E @. 
