THE RED ALG 489 
of certain branches, and these emit minute, spherical gametes 
having no flagella or other means of locomotion. At the tips of 
other branches female gametes appear, each in the form of a flask- 
shaped cell with long, slender neck (J, ¢). Fertilization is effected 
Fic. 319.—Bladder-wrack; a, vertical section through a conceptacle (52) 
showing the female gametangia; b, female gametangium beginning to 
form its eight gametes; c, the same, beginning to set free its gametes; 
d, male gametangia (shaded) from which come ciliate gametes like the 
one (g) shown near by; e, female gamete surrounded by numerous male 
gametes which cause it to revolve in the water; f, young plant produced 
directly from the fertilized female gamete. b-—f, 282, g, 182. (Thuret.) 
by fusion of male gametes with the projecting end of a female gamete 
to which the little spheres have been brought by currents in the 
water. After fertilization the basal part (J-V, c) gives rise to several 
branches, each of which finally produces at its tip a spheroidal spore 
that soon separates, and attaching itself to some support, developes 
