520 LIFE-HISTORIES 
Fic. 341, 111.—Umbrella-liverwort. Top of archigoniophore (+) cut ver- 
tically to show the stalked sporophytes of different ages: the two inner 
ones are still within the enlarged wall of the archegonium; the right- 
hand one has protruded on its stalk leaving the archegonial wall as a 
sheath (calyptra) at the base of its stalk; while the left-hand one has 
burst open and is shedding its spores and elaters. (Atkinson.) 
Fig. 341, 1V.—Umbrella-liverwort. me, cluster of young spores; sp, spore. 
An elater. A piece of the same, showing the clastic spring-like spiral 
thickening within. All highly magnified. (Atkinson.) 
