INDEX 
587 
All numbers refer to pages, heavy type indicating illustrations. 
444, 445, 449, 452, 457; of crow- 
foot family, 487, 438; of fern- 
worts, 548, 549; of flowering 
plants, 559, 560; of human so- 
ciety, 468; of mankind, 468, 469; 
of mossworts, 531; of ovaries, 
557; of plants, 560; of scour- 
ing-rushes, 543; of seed-plants, 
558, 559, 560; of thallophytes, 
510; of the universe, 464; of 
vegetable kingdom, 466 
Exalbuminous seed, 363, 557 
Excelsior, 241 
Exogenous stems, 387 
Exospore, 478 
Exstipulate leaf, 359 
Extinct, branches, 449; types, 467 
Extinction, 467, 468 
Eye-spot, 482 
Fabrics, 223. 
Factors of change, 468 
Fagacee, Beech Family 
Fagales, Beech Order 
Fagopyrum — esculentum, 
wheat 
Fagus sylvatica, European Beech 
Fallen Stars, 473, 474 
Family, 7, 403; chain, 355; tree, 
436, 437 
Famine, effect of, 463 
Fans, palm-leaf, 388 
Farm implements, 256 
Fat, 34; in foods, 114 
Fats, 74, 114, 115 
Feeding, imitation of, 563 
Feeling, 573; in plants and ani- 
mals, 562 
Fence rails, 258 
Fences, 245, 260 
Fennel-flower, 328-332, 333-341, 
342-356, 404, 405 
Fermentation, 156, 494 
Fermented beverages, 156 
Fern prothallium, 536 
Ferns, 308, 311, 532; climbing, 
299; evolution of, 558; fossil, 
534; herbaceous, 535 
Fernworts, 394, 396, 548 
Fertility of hybrids a test of spe- 
cies, 430 
Fertilization, 484, 552; in angio- 
Buck- 
sperms, 555, 556; in gymno- 
sperms, 551-555 
Ferula assa-fetida, Asafetida Plant 
Fiber-plants, 224 
Fibers, 222, 224; animal, mineral, 
and vegetable, 223 
Fibrils, 250 
Fibrovascular bundles, 394, 533, 
538, 539, 540 
Ficus carica, Fig 
elastica, India Rubber-tree 
Field Mushroom, 113, 121, 125, 
395, 501, 502, 503 
Fig, 88, 102, 121, 124 
Figwort Family, 382, 401, 416, 
417: foxglove, 204 
Filament, 12, 14, 319 
_ Filbert, 35, 36, 120, 124, 373; ker- 
nel, 114 
Filices, Ferns 
Filicine, Ferns 
Filling, 223 
Finishing lumbers, 263 
Fireworks, 168 
First of living things, 466, 566, 
567 
Fission, 473, 560 
Fission-algze, 558 
Fission fungi, 492; descendants of 
fission-alge, 495 
Fishing-rods, 274 
Fish-lines, 223 
Fixed mode of life in plants, 575 
Fixed oil, 34; of black mustard, 
134; of white mustard, 134 
Fixed oils, 128, 166, 295 
Fixity, in animals, 573; of species, 
429, 430 
Flagellum, 482 
Flavoring plants, 128 
Flax, 224, 229, 231, 345, 435; asa 
type, 316; bud, 319, 320; ger- 
mination, 317, 318; plant, 229, 
230, 231, 334 
Flax Family, 399: flax, 229, 231 
Flaxseed, 163, 164, 295, 318 
Fleshy, fruits, 351; pericarp, 351, 
355; torus, 364 
Flint in epidermis, 542 
Floats, 279, 280 
Floor covering, 280 
Flooring, 263, 270 
