MOLLUSCA OF INDIA. rf 
accepted as true Glcssula. The animal of Glessula ochracea, G.-A., 
of Sikhim, has been dissected and published in ‘ Records Indian 
Museum,’ vol. vill. pt. xi. p. 617. It was found to agree with 
G. orophila as described by Semper. Until many of the smaller 
species are anatomically examined, they must all be placed in 
Glessula; the smallest species, such as G!. gemma, may possibly 
have characters ot subgeneric value. 
The classification as given in ‘ Fauna British India,’ vol. ii. (vide 
Systematic Index, p. x) requires modification. Bacillum is placed 
in the Achatinide subfamily Stenoyyrine, whereas Glessula is 
put in the Family Ferrusacide Genus 3. I can find very little 
difference between the animals of Glesswla and Bacillum (January 
1920), and consider the first should come next the other in the 
Stenogyrine. 
Conch. Ind. p. 17, “the subgenus Bacillum is proposed by 
Mr. Theobald for this (A. obtusa, Bif.), the preceding (A. cassiaca, 
Bs.), and other allied forms.” 
It was left to Mr. Henry A. Pilsbry to describe the Genus 
conchologically, which he does in Man. Uonch. ser. 2, xviii. 1906, 
p- 1, as follows. He mentions 4 species and 1 subspecies. 
Bacillum.—* Shell rather large, solid, imperforate, turreted, 
many-whorled, a little contracted near the obtuse, rounded summit; 
the embryonic shell eylindric; sculpture of vertical rib-striz 
beginning somewhere upon the first whorl (Pl.i. fig. 12); the post- 
embryonic whorls being obliquely, regularly rib-striate. Aperture 
oblique, Achatinoid, the columellar concave, truncate at the base, 
outer lip simple. Internal axis slender, strongly sigmoid within 
each whorl. Soft anatomy unknown, 
“Type, B. casstacum. Distribution, Eastern India.” 
The very recent and extended knowledge of the animals of 
Bacillum and Gilessula shows that the two genera come next 
each other; further, that the animals of the latter present two 
very distinct divisions. This was first seen on dissecting a 
well-known species from Darjiling and Sikhim long known as 
G. tenwispira in early Catalogues, such as Nevill’s ‘ Hand-list.’ 
The specimens dissected came from the Rishetchu, a tributary of 
the Teezta, and the anatomy is figured on Plate CLXV. figs. 1-le. 
On this I found a new Subgenus, with the following characters :— 
Subgenus Risweria, nov. 
Shell large, thin, transparent, imperforate, turreted, many- 
whorled, tapering gradually to a rather acute embryonic apex, 
first 2 whorls smooth; sculpture regular, rather coarse striation. 
Aperture oblique, columellar concave, truncate at base. 
Animal. Ovotestis tightly convoluted, close to the albumen 
gland. Prostate and oviduct compact cylindrical, with closely- 
packed follicles. Spermatheca large on long duct. Penis with a 
distinct simple gland or flagellum retractor muscle on side. 
lt is also apparent, with “the gradually accumulating knowledge 
of the animal combined with form of the shell, the genus Glessula 
admits of subdivision—Gilessula as a subgenus to include all those 
