502 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 
Genus II. 
i 
CELA’STRUS L. Tue Cexasrrus, or Starr TREE. Lin. Syst, Pentandria 
Monogynia. 
Identification. Lin. Gen., 270.; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 5.; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 6. 
Synonymes. Euonyméides Mench.; Célastre, Fr.; Celaster, Ger. 4 
Derivation, From kélas, the latter season; the fruit remaining on the tree all. the winter. The 
kélastros of the Greeks is supposed to be the Zuénymus, 
2 1. C. sca/npENs L. The climbing-stemmed Celastrus, or Staff Tree. 
Identification. Lin. Sp., 285. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 6.; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 9.; Bourreau des Arbres, Fr. ; 
Baummorder, Ger. 
Engravings. Nouy. Du Ham., 1. t. 95.; Schkuhr Handb., 1. t. 47. ; and our fig. 171. 
Spec. Char., §&c. Thornless, climbing, smooth. 
Leaves oval, acuminate, serrate. Flowers dic- 
cious. (Dec. Prod., ii. p. 6.) A deciduous twining 
shrub; a native of North America, and intro- 
duced, by Peter Collinson, in 1736. The flowers 
are of a pale yellow, and the capsules of an orange 
scarlet colour, 3-cornered and 3-seeded. The 
stems are woody and flexible, and twist themselves 
round trees and shrubs, or round each other, to 
the height of 12 ft. or 15 ft. or upwards, girding 
trees so closely as, in a few years, to destroy ; 
them; whence the French and German names, which signify “ tree- 
strangler.” The leaves are about 3 in. long, and nearly 2 in. broad, serrated, 
of a lively green above, but paler on the under side. We are uncertain 
whether both of the sexes are extant in British collections or not; but, as 
seed has been produced in the Botanic Garden at Bury St. Edmunds, 
it is clear that the female one, at least, is. Miller says the seeds ripen 
wellin England, and that the plant may be propagated by them, or by 
layers. It prefers a strong loamy soil, rather moist than dry. As a freely 
growing twiner, with pleasing foliage, and as ligneous twiners are not 
numerous, it deserves to be more generally cultivated. Plants, in the 
London nurseries, cost 1s. 6d. each, and American seeds 6d. an ounce; 
at Bollwyller, plants 1 franc each; and at New York, plants 20 cents 
each, and seeds 35 cents a quart. 
& 2. C. BuLLA‘tus L. The studded-capsuled Celastrus, or Staff Tree. 
Identification. Lin. Sp., 285. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 6.; Don’s Mill, 2. p. 7. 
Engravings. Pluk. Alm., t. 28. f. 5. 
Spec. Char., §c. Thornless, climbing. Leaves ovate, acute, entire. Flowers 
in terminal panicles. Capsules elegant, studded, scarlet. (Dec. Prod., ii. 
p- 6.) A low shrub, said to be a native of Virginia, and to have been first 
discovered by Banister, and afterwards introduced in 1759; but Pursh, 
after diligent research, in the place of its supposed nativity, and also in the 
herbariums of Plukenet and Banister, at the British Museum, was not 
able to satisfy himself that it was a native of America. Miller says that it 
grows, in its native country, to the height of 8 ft. or 10 ft.; but in England it 
seldom attains more than half that size. It flowers in July; and, in its 
native country, the flowers are succeeded by scarlet capsules; but it rarely 
ripens seeds in England. (Mart. Mill.) 

App. i. Half-hardy Species of Celdstrus. 
There are a number of species of Celastrus from the Cape of Good Hope, and some from the East 
and West Indies, and South America, which might, be tried in the open air against a conservative 
bn ee the family are not of sufficient beauty or interest to render this desirable to any great 
extent. 
