518 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves linear-lanceolate, sawed 
at the tip, rather revolute in the margin; the 
midrib, petiole, and branchlets glabrous. Flowers 
in stalked lateral cymes. (Dec. Prod., ii. p. 14.) 
An evergreen shrub, from 6 ft. to 10ft. high, 
found in deep swamps from Virginia to Georgia, 
and introduced in 1806. The flowers are white, 
and appear in June; the berries are globular and 
red. A very handsome species, but not very 
common, There are plants of it at Messrs. Lod- 
diges, and in the London Horticultural Society’s 
Garden, under the name of J. myrtifolia. 
Variety, 
# I. a. 2 ligustrifolia Ph., with oblong, ovate, entire leaves, is 
given by Pursh, who doubts whether it may not be a 
distinct species. 
¢ 7. J. vomiro‘’ria Ait. The emetic Holly, or South Sea Tea. 
Identification. Ait. Hort. Kew., 1. p. 278. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 14.; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 17. 
Synonymes. I. Cassine vera Walt. Carol., 241.; I. ligistrina Jacq. Coll., 4. p. 105, Icon. Rar., 
t. 310., Wendl. Hort., t. 31. ; Casstne Perdgua Mill. Icon., t. 83. f. 2. ; I. Cassena Michx. F1., 1. p- 229. ; 
I, religidsa Bart. Fl. Virg., 69.; I. floridana Lam. IJil., No. 1731.; Houx apalachine Fr.; true 
Cassine, Cassna, Floridan; the Yapon, Virginian ; the evergreen Casséna, or Cassioberry Bush, 
Eng. 
Engravings. Jacq. Icon, Rar., t 310.; Wendl. Hort., t. 31.; Mill. Fig., t. 83. f. 2.; and our fig. 186. 
Spec. Char., §c. eaves oblong or elliptic, ob- 
tuse at both ends, crenately sawed, and, with 
the branchlets, glabrous. Flowers in subses- 
sile lateral umbels. (Dec. Prod., ii. p. 14.) 
An elegant evergreen tree, a native of Florida, 
Carolina, and Virginia, in moist shady places, 
growing to the height of 12 ft. or 15 ft., and 
introduced in 1700. The flowers, which are 
whitish, are produced in June; and the ber- 
ries, which resemble in colour those of the 
common holly, remain on the tree all the 
winter. It was cultivated by Miller, and in 
several other gardens in the neighbourhood of 
London, till the severe winter of 1789, when 
most of the plants of it were destroyed. Other plants were afterwards 
raised from seed, and they have ever since resisted the cold of ordinary 
winters without covering. In the first edition of Du Hamel, it is stated, 
that this species had been a long time cultivated by the Chevalier Jansen, 
in his garden at the Barriére Chaillot, at Paris. Rafinesque states that the 
true cassena is reckoned a holy plant by many of the southern tribes of 
American Indians, being used, during their religious rites and solemn 
councils, to clear the stomach and the head. Women are forbidden 
to use it. For these purposes the leaves and young shoots are collected 
with care, and, when dried, form an article of trade among the tribes. They 
often parch or scorch slightly the leaves before using them. They are 
inodorous, the taste is sub-aromatic and fervid, and they are useful in 
stomach fevers, diabetes, small-pox, &c., as a mild emetic ; but the Indians’ 
black drink is a strong decoction of them, and a violent, though harmless, 
vomitive. In North Carolina, the inhabitants of the sea-side swamps, 
having no good water to drink, purify it, by boiling it with a little cassena 
(perhaps Vibirnum cassindides), and use it constantly warm, as the 
Chinese do their daily tea. I. Dahoon and I. Cassine are used as substitutes 
for the cassena; and many other shrubs appear to be used indiscriminately 
for making the black drink: for example, the Casstne ramuldsa of the Flora 
of Louisiana. (Raf. Med, Flor., i. p. 9.) The use made of the leaves in 
Carolina and Florida, by the native Indians, has given rise to the opinion 
that this species was the Paraguay tea mentioned in Martyn’s Miller, on” 


