HAP. XXXV. : RHAMNA CE. © 523 
name. Younger branches rather clammy. Flowers solitary on lateral peduncles. (Déc. Prod., 
ii. p.17.) An undershrub, growing to the height of 2 ft., in woods, and on the banks of rivers in 
Georgia ; producing its white flowers in July and August, which are succeeded by dark-coloured 
berries, Introduced in 1820; but we have never seen it in British gardens. 
a 9. P.coria‘ceus Pursh. The coriaceous-/eaved Winter Berry. 
Identification. Pursh Fl. Sept. Amer., 1. p. 221. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 17.; Don’s Mill, 2. p. 21. 
Synonymes. P. glaber Wats. 
Engraving. Wats. Dend. Brit, t. 27., under the name of P. glaber. 
Spec. Char., &c. Evergreen. Leaf lanceolate, with a wedge-shaped base, coriaceous, glabrous, 
glossy, entire. Flowers in short, sessile, axillary corymbs, many in a corymb. (Dec. Prod., ii. 
p. 17.) A handsome, tall, evergreen shrub, having the general aspect of Ilex Dahoén.; found in 
sandy woods near the banks of rivers in Georgia, and introduced in 1820. 
Varieties. This species varies, with leaves broader, obovate-lanceolate, and acuminate; and 
narrower, lanceolate, and acute. (Dec. Prod., ii. p. 17.) 
App. i. Other Species of Prinos hardy or half-hardy. 
P. diotcus Vahl is a native of the Island of Montserrat, and considered as hardy, though not yet 
introduced. P. 2é¢édus Vahl is also a native of Montserrat, and is supposed to require a green.house. 
There are two stove species described by Swartz natives of the Caribbee Islands, which are trees 
growing from 20 ft. to 30 ft. high. They are found on mountains in their native countries ; and 
hence may, probably, be hardy enough to be kept in British green-houses, though it is customary 
to consider natives of the West India Islands as stove plants, whether they are natives of the hills 
or of the plains. 
CHAP. XXXV. 
OF THE HARDY LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF THE ORDER RHAMNA‘CEER. 
DISTINCTIVE Characteristics. Calyx 4—5-cleft; zestivation valvate. Corolla 
of 4—5 petals; in some absent. Petals cucullate, or convolute, inserted into 
the orifice of the calyx. Stamens 4—5, opposite the petals, perigynous. Ovary 
superior, or half-superior, 2-, 3-, or 4-celled, surrounded by a fleshy disk. 
Ovules one in a cell, erect, as are the seeds. Fruit fleshy and indehiscent 
or dry, and separating into 3 divisions. Trees or shrubs, often spiny, and 
generally deciduous. Leaves simple, alternate, very seldom opposite, with 
minute stipules. Flowers axillary or terminal. (Lindl. Introd. to N. S.) The 
species are natives of Europe or North America, and some of them of India; 
they are ornamental in British gardens and shrubberies, chiefly from the 
variety of their foliage, and from their berries ; but some of them, as Ceanothus, 
from their flowers. They are all of easy culture. The genera containing 
hardy ligneous plants are six; which are characterised as follows :— 
Zi'zyeuus Tourn. Calyx spreading, 5-cleft; its upper part separating all 
round from the lower, in the manner as if cut from it ; the lower persistent, 
situated under the fruit, and adhering to it more or less. Petals 5, upon 
a glandular disk that is adnate to the calyx. Stamens inserted in front of 
the petals. Styles 2—3,simple. Fruit an ovoid drupe; the nut 2-celled, 
rarely 1—3-celled. Seed suborbicular, compressed. Shrubs or small trees. 
Leaves alternate, 3-nerved. Stipules spinescent. Flowers axillary. Drupes 
mucilaginous and eatable. (Dec. Prod., ii. p. 19.) The species are deciduous 
shrubs, natives of Europe or Asia, one of them bearing eatable fruit. 
Pauiu‘rus Tourn. The flower like that of Zizyphus, except as follows. 
Styles 3. Fruit dry, indehiscent, orbicular, girded with a broad mem- 
branaceous wing, 3-celled. Seed ovate. The habit that of Zizyphus. 
(Dec. Prod., ii. p. 22.) The species are deciduous shrubs or low trees, 
natives of Europe, or Asia, and highly ornamental in gardens, from their 
shining leaves, which are nerved; and their abundance of rich greenish 
yellow flowers, which are succeeded by fruit of rather a singular form. 
