524 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 
They are easily propazated by seeds, which they produce, in Britain, in 
abundance, 
Bercue‘m1 Necker. Calyx 5-parted, the segments deciduous, the remaining 
portion persistent, situate under the fruit, and adhering to it more or less. 
Petals 5, scale-shaped. Stamens inserted lower than the petals. Style 1. 
Stigmas 2. Fruit an oblong dry drupe; the nut 2-celled. A shrub, with- 
out spines, somewhat twining. Often, by defect, the sexes are diccious, 
and the fruit l-seeded. (Dec. Prod., ii. p. 22.) The only hardy species 
is a twining deciduous shrub, a native of Carolina. 
Rua’mnus Lam. Calyx 4—5-cleft; often, with the upper part, after the flow- 
ering, separating from the lower all round, in the manner as if cut, and the 
lower part persistent, situate beneath the fruit, and cohering with it. Petals, 
in some, absent. Stamens inserted in front of the petals. Style 2—4-cleft. 
Fruit nearly dry, or berried. Cells 2—4; those in the nearly dry fruits 
separable, and 1-seeded, or very rarely 2-seeded. Seed oblong, having on 
the outer side a deep furrow, that is broadest at the base. Shrubs or small 
trees, with the tips of the branches becoming spines, in some instances. 
The leaves feather-nerved. The stipules never converted into a prickle. 
Flowers often unisexual. Fruit not eatable. (Dec. Prod., ii. p. 23.) The 
species are evergreen, subevergreen, and deciduous shrubs, chiefly natives 
of Europe, but some of them of North America and Asia. 
Cotte‘ri4 Comm. Calyx pitcher-shaped, 5-cleft, its base scarcely adhering 
to the ovary, which it surrounds. Not any corolla. Stamens 5, situated 
between the lobes of the calyx: anthers with a tendency to be 1-celled, 
kidney-shaped, opening by a horseshoe-shaped furrow. Style ending in 3 
teeth. Fruit a 3-celled capsule, surrounded by the base of the calyx. 
Shrubs. Branches spiny. Leaves small, mostly opposite. (Dec. Prod., il. 
p- 28.; and Don’s Mill.) The species are spinous shrubs, with few small 
leaves, natives of Peru or Chili, and interesting by their peculiarity of 
appearance, and their flowers. 
Ceano‘rnus L. Calyx 5-cleft, bell-shaped; after the flowering, the upper 
part separates from the lower part all round, in the manner as if cut; the 
lower part is persistent, is situate under the fruit, and adheres to it more 
or less. Corolla of 5 petals, each with a long claw, and hooded: rarely 
none. Stamens projecting in front of the petals. Styles 2—3, united as 
high as the middle. Fruit a dry berry, 3-celled, rarely 2—4-celled; the 
cells pervious at the base; the walls of the consistence of paper. Seed ovate. 
Shrubs without thorns, with leaves ovate. (Dec. Prod., ti. p. 29.) The 
species are evergreen or deciduous shrubs, from North America, some of 
them highly ornamental, on account of their flowers. They are readily 
propagated by cuttings of the young wood; or by seeds, which are generally 
imported from America, though they are sometimes ripened in England. 

Genus I. 
can 
of 
ZYZYPHUS Town. Tux Josue. Lin. Syst. Pentindria Di-Trigfnia. 
Identification. Tourn. Inst., t. 403.; Gert. Fruct., 1. p. 43.5 Lam. IIl., t. 185.; Dec, Prod., 2. 
p. 198. ; Brongn. Mém. Rham., p. 47. 
Synonymes. Jujubier, Fr.; J udendorn, Ger. 
Derivation. From xizouf, the Arabic name of the lotus. 


% 1. Z. vutea’ris Lam. The common, or cultivated, Jujube. 
Identification. Lam. Ill., 185. f. 1.; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 19. ; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 23. 
Synonymes: Rhamnus Zizyphus Lin. Spec., 282., Pall. Fl. Ross., 2. t. 59.; Z. sativa Desf. 
Arb., 2. p. 373. N. Du Ham., t.16., but not of Gert. ; Z. Jujuba Mill. Dict., No. 1., but not of 
Lam. ; Jujubier cultivé, Fr. ; Brustbeeren, Ger. ; Giuggiol, Ital. 
Engravings. Yama. IIl., 185, f. 1. ; Pall. Fl. Ross., 2. t. 59. 5 N. Du Ham. 8. t. 16.; and our jig. 195, 
