CHAP. XXXV. RHAMNA CEA. RIHA’MNUS. 531 
ii. p. 751.) The four large, round, and smoothly clipped plants of phil- 
lyrea, on naked stems, mentioned in p. 45. as possessed by Evelyn at Says 
Court, were doubtless of this species, and not of the genus Phillyrea, which 
is of much slower and less robust growth. The Alatérnus was at that time, 
and even so late as the time of Miller, frequently confounded with the Philly- 
rea; but the two genera are readily distinguished by the position of their 
leaves, which are alternate in Rhamnus, and opposite in Phillyrea. At pre- 
sent, the alaternus is chiefly planted in town gardens, to conceal walls, and 
because it is less injured by the smoke of coal than most other evergreens. 
The species, and all the varieties, are readily propagated by cuttings, which are 
taken off in autumn, and planted in sandy soil, in a shady border, and covered 
with a hand-glass. Price, in the London nurseries, of the species, and of the 
blotched-leaved variety, 9d. a plant; of the gold- and silver-edged-leaved, 
2s. 6d. each: at Bollwyller, the species and varieties from 1 franc to 2 franes a 
plant: at New York,?. As the roots are not very productive of fibres, when 
large plants are chosen, they should be such as have been reared in pots, in 
order that they may receive no check from removal. 
# 2. R.uy’srivus L’Herit. The hybrid Alaternus. 
Identification. L’Hérit. Sert., t. 5.; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 23.; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 33. 
Synonymes. R. burgundiacus Hort. Par.; R. sempervirens Hortulan. 
Engraving. L’Hérit. Sert., t. 5. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves oblong, acuminated, serrated, smooth, shining, 
hardly permanent, rather coriaceous, Flowers androgynous. (Don’s Mill., 
ii, p.30.) A garden hybrid, a sub-evergreen shrub, raised from R. alpinus, 
fecundated by R. Alatérnus, and forming a very distinct and desirable kind, 
which, in British gardens, grows to the height of 10 ft. or 12 ft. The flowers 
are green,and appear in May or June. There is a plant in the arboretum of 
Messrs. Loddiges, which, in 1833, before it was cut down, was 8 ft. high. 
There is one in the garden of the London Horticultural Society 5 ft. high. 
Price of plants, in London, 2s. each ; at Bollwyller, 1 franc and 50 cents. 
B. Rhamnus Dec. Flowers in Fascicles, 5-cleft. 

La | 
% 3. R. toneiro‘tius Link. The long-leaved Buckthorn. 
Identification. Link Enum., 1. p. 228.; Dum. Cours. Bot. Cult., 6. p. 260. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 24.5 
Don’s Mill., 2. p. 30. 
Synonyme. R. Willdenovianus Rim. et Schult. Syst., 5. p. 295. 
Spec. Char., &c. Leaves oval-oblong, acute at both ends, serrated, smooth, shining, pilose in the 
axils of the veins beneath. (Don’s Mili., ii. p. 30.) A shrub, growing to the height of 8 ft. ; 
introduced in 1823, but from what country is uncertain. 
C. Flowers 4-cleft, in Fascicles. 
‘lal. 
a. Branchlets terminating in a Thorn. 
¥ 4. R carua’rticus L. The purging Buckthorn. 
Identification. Lin. Spec., 280. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 24. ; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 30. 
Synonyme. The White Thorn of the modern Greeks. A 
Engravings. Eng. Bot., t. 1629. ; Wood. Med. Bot.,t. 114.; Cid. Fl. Dan., t. 850.; N. Du Ham., 2., 
t. 10. ; our jig. 198.; and the plate of this species in Vol. II. 
Spec. Char., §c. Erect. Leaves ovate,toothed. Flowers in fascicles, polygamo- 
dicecious. Berries 4-seeded, rather globose. (Don’s Mill., ii.p. 30.) A 
native of Europe and the north of Asia, and plentiful in England. 
Variety. : de 
¥ R.c. 2 hydriénsis Jac., with larger leaves, tapering to the base, is 
found wild about Hydria. 
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