540 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART Ill. 
commonly known by the name of New Jersey tea; the leaves having been 
formerly dried for the same purpose as those of the Chinese tea plant; 
and for which, according to Pursh, it formed a general substitute during the 
war of independence. In Canada, it is used for dyeing wool of a nankin, or 
cinnamon, colour. This shrub will grow in any soil that is tolerably dry, and 
is not uncommon in British gardens. Plants, in the London nurseries, are 
1s. 6d. each, and seeds 1s, per ounce. At Bollwyller, plants are 1 franc each. 
At New York, plants are 15 cents each, and seeds 1 dollar a quart. 
% 3. C. (A.) TARDIFLO’RUsS Horn. The late-flowering Ceanothus, or Red Root. 
Identification. Horn. Hort. Hafn., 230. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 31.; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 37. 
Spec. Char., &c. Leaves cordate-ovate, serrated, downy beneath. Thyrse elongated, axillary. 
(Don’s Miil., ii. p. 37.) A native of North America, introduced in 1820, and, in all probability, only 
a variety of the foregoing species. 
2 4. C.ova‘tus Desf. The ovate-leaved Ceanothus, or Red Root. 
Identification. Desf. Arb., 2. p. 381.; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 31. ; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 37. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves ovate or oval, serrated, smooth on both surfaces, as 
well as the peduncles. Thyrse short, axillary ? (Don’s Mill., ii. p. 37.) A 
native of North America, where it grows from the height of from 2 ft. to 
4.ft. It is generally confounded in gardens with C. americanus, from which, 
however, it appears quite distinct. A plant of this species was in Knight’s 
Exotic Nursery, King’s Road, in 1830. 
2% 5.C. INTERME’DIUS Pursh. The intermediate Ceanothus, or Red Root. 
Identification. Pursh Fl. Sept. Amer., 1. p. 167. ; Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 124. ; Dec. Prod., 2. 
. p. 32.3 Don’s Mill., 2. p. 37. 
Spec. Char., &c. Leaves oval-oblong, acute, mucronately serrulated, triple-nerved, pubescent 
beneath. Panicles axillary, on long peduncles, with loose corymbose pedicels. (Don’s Miil., ii. 
p. 37.) A deciduous shrub; a native of North America, in the woods of Tennessee: introduced 
in 1812, and producing its white flowers in June and July, Height from 2 ft. to4ft. This species 
is readily distinguished from C. americanus by its very small leaves, which are not one fourth the 
size of those of that species. 
% 6. C. sancur’nEus Pursh. The bloody-branched Ceanothus, or Red Root. 
Identification. Pursh Fl. Sept. Amer., 1. p. 167.; Hook. Fl. Bor, Amer., 1. p. 125, ; Dec. Prod., 2. 
p. 32.3; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 37. 
Spec. Char., &c. Leaves oblong-ovate, serrated, pubescent beneath, Panicles axillary, thyrsose, on 
very short peduncles. Pedicels aggregate. (Don’s Mill., ii. p. 37.) A shrub, from 2 ft. to 3 ft. in 
height, found near the Rocky Mountains, on the banks of the Missouri. It is readily distinguished 
by its branches, which, as the specific name implies, are of a blood-red or purplish colour, The 
pe aed which appear in May and June, are white, and are produced on panicles not longer than 
the leaves. 
«7. C. MIcRopHY’LLUS Michr. The small-leaved Ceanothus, or Red Root. 
Identification. Michx. Fl, Bor. Amer., 2. p. 154.; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 32.; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 37. 
Synonyme. C. hypericéides L’ Herit. MSS. 
Spec. Char., &c. Leaves oblong, obtuse, entire, minute, sub-fascicled, smooth. Branches straight, 
somewhat decumbent. Corymbs stalked, loose, terminal. (Don’s M?il., ii. p. 37.). A shrub growing 
to the height of 2 ft., found in sandy woods from Carolina to Florida, and introduced in 1806. The 
leaves are very small, not being more than 3 or 4 lines in length ; and the whole plant is of a 
delicate habit; but it has large red roots, as in all the other species. The flowers are white, and 
produced in May and June; and they are succeeded by almost globular fruit. 
App.i. Other Species of Ceanothus. 
C. velutinus Hook. “Fl. Bor. Amer., i. p. 125. t. 45., (fig. 215.) is a 
very beautiful species, discovered by Douglas, and described by Pro- 
fessor Hooker from dried specimens in the possession of the London 
Horticultural Society. The plant grows from 3 ft. to 8ft. high. The 
leaves are broad, sometimes subcordate, obtuse, from 3 in. to 4 in. long, 
and from 3 in. to 32 in. broad; and the flowers are white, in termina! 
panicles. The plant is found on subalpine hills, near the sources of 
the Columbia, and at the Kettle Falls. This seems a very desirable 
species, and, when introduced, will probably be found the next in 
beauty to C. azireus, which it appears to surpass in robustness of 
growth. 
C. levigdtus Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer., i. p. 125., also discovered by 
Douglas, and described from dried specimens, is probably only a variety 
of C. velutinus. It is found on mountains near the coast of the north- 
west of America, and at Nootka Sound. 
C. thyrsiflorus Esch. Mém. Acad. Scienc. Peters., x. p. 221., Hook. 
Bor. Amer., i. ». 125., was discovered on the north-west coast of Ame- 
rica by Mr. Menzies. The flowers are surrounded by densely im- 
bricated, ovate, and acute bracteas, which drop before the blossoms 
are expanded. The calyx is blue, and the petals white. The whole 
plant turns black in drying. 

