550 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART II¥- 
Pliny, who mentions it as an Apennine shrub, under the name of Cogg¥gria. 
In England, it was cultivated by Tradescant, and it is described by Gerard as 
an excellent and most beautiful plant, “ with the leaves of the capparis, and 
the savour of the pistachia.” As an ornamental shrub, it deserves a place 
in every garden where there is room to allow it to extend itself on every side. 
A dry loam suits it best; and it is propagated by pegging down the branches 
flat to the ground, and strewing earth over them, through which young shoots 
rise up, which root at the base, and may be removed in autumn. Thereare old 
plants of it at Syon; anda very fine one at Deepdene, the diameter of the head 
of which is nearly 20 ft.:but the largest in England is at Enville, m Stafford- 
shire, where it has attained more than double that size. Plants, in the Lon- 
don nurseries, are 50s. a hundred, or 6d. each; at Bollwyller, plants are 
| frane each. 
§ ii. Sttmach Dec. 
Sect. Char. eaves. impari-pinnate; leaflets more than 3 in the leaves of 
each of the first 6 species of this section. Flowers in panicles, poly- 
gamous, dioecious, or hermaphrodite. 
~2. R. rypurna LE, The Fever Rhus, or Stag’s Horn Sumach. 
Identification. Lin. Spec., 580. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. &7.; Don’s Mill, 2. p. 70. 
Synonymes. R. virginiana Bauh. Pin., p. 517. ; Virginian Sumach, 
Engravings. Duh. Arb. Ed. Nov., 2. t. 47.; Wats. Dend. Brit., t. 17 and t. 18. ; and our jig. 224. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaf of 8—10 pairs of leaflets, and the odd one, that are 
lanceolate, acuminate, serrated, hairy beneath. Petiole and branches hairy. 
(Dec. Prod., ii. p. 67.) A native of North America. Fruit hairy, purple. 
De Candolle has characterised two forms of this species as follows : — 
¥ R. ¢. 1 arboréscens.—Its form that of a tree; its height between 10 ft. 
and 25 ft. high; leaf slightly downy beneath. (Willd. Enum., 323.) 
% R. t. 2 frutéscens—lIts torm shrubby; its height between 2 ft. and 
10 ft.; and its leaf downy and whitish beneath. 
Description, §c. Rhias. ty- 
phina, in British gardens, is 
either a large shrub or a low 
tree, with a woody stem, and 
a head composed of many 
irregular branches, generally 
crooked and deformed. The 
young shoots are covered 
with a soft velvet-like down, 
resembling that of a young 
stag’s horn, both in colour 
and texture; whence, and 
probably also from the crook- § 
edness of the branches, the 
common name. The leaves 
are large, and very conspicuous in autumn, before they drop off, when they 
change toa purplish or yellowish red. The flowers are produced in close. 
spikes at the ends of the branches; and the female ones are followed by 
seeds enclosed in woolly, simple, succulent covers, which are very conspicu- 
ous in autumn. The plant is found in a wild state in almost every part of 
North America; particularly in Carolina and Virginia. It was cultivated 
by Parkinson in 1629, and is now common in British gardens. There are large 
specimens of it at Syon, where it has attained the height of 15 ft. as a tree; 
and in the arboretum of Messrs. Loddiges, and in the garden of the London 
Horticultural Society; in each of which places it has attained the height of 
10 ft. or 12 ft. In some parts of North America, the wood is used for tan- 
ning leather, and the roots prescribed as a febrifugal medicine. In British 
gardens it well deserves a place, from its large and beautiful foliage, and 
its striking colour in autumn; its spikes of dark red fruit; and the singularity 
of its branches in winter. As the plant is of open irregular growth, and not 

