566 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART Ill. 
about the middle of August. In Britain, the tree is seldom seen in flower, 
there being but few old specimens. 
Geography, History, §c. Virgilia litea is found chiefly in the western part 
of Tennessee, on gentle declivities, on a loose, deep, and fertile soil; where it 
is usually associated with Morus rubra, Gymnocladus canadénsis, Gleditschia, 
Jiglans, and other trees which delight in good soil. It was discovered by the 
younger Michaux ; and plants of it were first brought to England by Mr. Lyon, 
in 1812; and seeds having been since frequently sent over, the plant is now 
to be met with in most collections. The wood is fine-grained and soft; 
and remarkable for its deep yellow colour. This colour is given out freely 
to water, but cannot be fixed by alum, like most other vegetable colours. 
Very little use is made of the tree in America; and, in Europe, it is planted 
solely for purposes of ornament and botanical interest. It is rather later in 
coming into leaf than most of the other pinnate-leaved Leguminacee, and its 
leaves drop very early in autumn, previously becoming of a fine yellow. 
Soil, Situation, §c. An open airy situation is desirable, in order that the 
tree may ripen its wood ; and, to facilitate the same purpose where the climate 
is cold, the soil ought to be dry rather than rich. In the London nurseries, 
it is propagated chiefly by seeds. 
Statistics. In the neighbourhood of London, the highest plants are at the Duke of Devonshire’s 
villa at Chiswick ; but, as they are crowded among, other shrubs, they are not handsome; in the 
Chelsea Botanic Garden, there is a tree 20 ft. high, which flowers annually; in the London Hor- 
ticultural Society’s Garden, there is one 10 years planted, which, in 1834, was 13ft. high; in 
the Mile End Nursery, there is atree 18 ft. high. In Surrey, at Claremont, there is one 20 ft. high. 
In Sussex, at West Dean, one, 9 years planted, is 18 ft. high. In Berkshire, at White Knights, one, 25 
years planted, is 23 ft. high: the diameter of the trunk is 5in., and of the head 20 ft. In Essex, at 
ylands, 10 years planted, ard 17 ft. high. In Pembrokeshire, at Golden Grove, 35 years planted, 
and 17 ft. high. In Suffolk, at Ampton Hall, 12 years planted, and 11 ft. high. In Ireland, near 
Dublin, in the Cullenswood Nursery, 17 years planted, and 25 ft. high. 
Commercial Statistics. Plants, in London, are 5s.each; at Bollwyller 1 frane 
and 50 cents; and in New York, 50 cents. 

Genus III. 
ee | 
Lit 
PIPTA’NTHUS Swt. Tue Pipranrnus. Lin. Syst. Decandria 
Monogynia. 
Identification. Swt. F\.-Gard., 264. ; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 112. 
Derivation. From pipto, to fall, and anthos, a flower ; from the flowers falling off very soon. 
Description, §c. There is only one species described or introduced, which 
is a sub-evergreen bush or low tree. 
# P. NEPALE’NsIS Swt. The Nepal Piptanthus. 
Identification. Swt. Fl.-Gard., 264.; Dec. Prod. ; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 112. 
Synonymes. Thermopsis daburnifdlia D. Don Prod. Fl. Nep., p. 239.; Anagyris indica Wall. MSS.; 
Baptisia nepalénsis Hook. Exot. Fi., t. 131. 
Engravings. Hook, Exot. Fl., t. 131.; Swt. Fl.-Gard., t. 264.; and our fig. 237. to a scale of 2in. to 
a foot, and fig. 238. representing a flower of the natural size. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves trifoliolate ; 
leaflets _elliptical-oblong, _ acute, if 
broad. Stipules 2, large. The young ff 
leaves are silky; and the flowers \ 
\\ 
N 

are of a bright yellow, and are 
much larger than those of the 
common laburnum, to which they “3 
bear a general resemblance. In 
Nepal, the shrub grows to the 
height of 8 ft. or 10 ft.; but it 
sometimes exceeds this height in 

