658 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves very obtuse, and wholly glabrous. A native of the 
south of Europe, in sunny places, and on the banks of rivers. Flowers of 
a deep rose colour; in a variation, white. (Dec. Prod., ii. p. 518.) A 
deciduous tree, a native of the south of Europe, introduced in 1596. 
Height from 20 ft. to 30 ft. 
Varieties. 
& C. S. 2 parviflorum Dec.—A shrub ; its branches spotted with white ; 
its flowers smaller by half than those of the species. A native of 
Bokhara. (Dec. Prod., ii. p. 518.) 
* C. S. 3 flore albido.—Flowers whitish. There is a plant of this in the 
London Horticultural Society’s Garden. 
¥C. S.4rdsea.— A seedling, raised from foreign seeds, which has flowered 
in the Botanic Garden at Kew; has numerous flowers, which are 
brighter, anda shade darker, than those of the species; and they 
also appear about a fortnight later ; but it is, perhaps, hardly worth 
noticing as a variety. 
Description, §c. The common Judas tree, in the south of Europe, forms a 
handsome low tree, with a flat spreading head, in the form of a parasol; 
and it is a singularly beautiful object in spring, especially when it is covered 
with its numerous bright purplish pink flowers, which appear before the leaves, 
in May, and are produced not only from the young wood, but from wood of 
6 or 8 years’ growth, and even from the trunk, The leaves are round and 
heart-shaped, and are not liable to be attacked by insects. The flowers are 
succeeded by flat, thin, brown pods, nearly 6 inches in lengthy which remain on 
the tree all the year, and give it a very singular appearance in the winter 
season. In moist seasons, the tree often flowers a second time in the autumn. 
In the neighbourhood of London, the tree generally flowers freely ; but the 
pods are not produced in abundance, unless the tree is planted against a wall; 
and only sparingly, and in the finest seasons, on standard trees. The rate of 
growth is about 18 in. a year, for the first ten years. 
Geography and History. The Judas tree is found in a wild state in the 
south of France, in Spain, in Italy, about Rome; in Greece, in Japan, in 
Asiatic Turkey, and more especially in Judea. _It was cultivated by Gerard 
in 1596, who has given a good figure of it, and says, “ The Frenchmen call it 
guainier, as though they should say, vaginula, or a little sheath: most of the 
Spaniards name it algorovo loco ; that is, Siliqua sylvestris fatui (wild or fool- 
ish pod) ; others, arbol d’ amor, for the braveness’ sake. It may be called, in 
English, Judas tree ; for it is thought to be that on which Judas hanged him- 
self, and not upon the elder tree, as it is vulgarly said.” (Johns. Ger., 1428.) 
From the tree being easily propagated by seeds, which are received in abun- 
dance from the Continent, it has become very general in English gardens ; 
in the neighbourhood of London as a standard, and, to the north, planted 
against a wall. The French plant it against walls, and also cover arbours 
with it; and, formerly, it used to be clipped into balls, and other geometrical 
figures, in British gardens. 
Properties and Uses. The wood is very hard, and agreeably veined, or 
rather blotched or waved, with black, green, and yellow spots, on a grey 
ground. It takes a beautiful polish, and weighs nearly 48 lb. to the cubic foot. 
The flowers, which have an agreeable acid taste, are mixed with salads, or 
fried with batter, as fritters ; and the flower buds are pickled in vinegar. In 
British gardens, the tree is planted as one of ornament; and, as it grows 
about the same height, and flowers about the same time, as the laburnum, 
the Guelder rose, and the hawthorn, it enters into beautiful combination 
with these and other trees. The foliage is hardly less beautiful and re- 
markable than the flowers; the leaves being of a pale bluish green on the 
upper surface, and of a sea-green underneath, and of a cordate uniform 
shape, apparently consisting of two leaflets joined together ; which cir- 
cumstance, combined with others, brings the genus in close alliance with 
that of Bauhinia. 
