660 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART II}. 
more hardy than the European species. In Britain, it is propagated by im- 
ported seeds, and is considered more tender than C. Siliquastrum ; but it would 
probably be rendered more hardy by being grafted on that species. + 
Statistics. \n the environs of London, it is seldom found higher than 10 ft. or 12 ft. 3 and then it 
has more the character of a bush than of a tree; but on the Continent there are some good speci- 
mens. In France, at Paris, in the Jardin des Plantes, 55 years planted, it is 36 ft. high, the diameter 
of the trunk, 10in., and of the head 90 ft. ; in the Rue Grenelle, in Paris, in the garden of the house 
No. 122., as we are informed by Mr. Blaikie, there is a tree 40 ft. high, with a trunk 12 ft. in diameter. 
In Saxony, at Wéorlitz, 25 years planted, it is 10 ft. high. In Austria, at Vienna, in the University 
Botanic Garden, 9 years planted, it is 16 ft. high. In Italy, at Monza, 24 years planted, it is 13 ft. high. 
Commercial Statistics. Plants, in the London nurseries, are 1s. 6d. each, and 
seeds Is. 6d. per ounce; at Bollwyller, plants are 1 franc each; and at New 
York, the plants of the species are from 25 to 374 cents each, and of “ Fore- 
man’s new variety,” 37 cents each. 
App. I. Half-hardy Species of the Tribe Cassiée. 
Casalpinia Ait. isa genus of beautiful flowering trees and shrubs, most of the species of which are 
natives of tropical countries, and which, in England, are generally kept in stoves; but there is one 
species, C. Lebbekdzdes Dec., a native of China, which, if once introduced, would probably be a valu- 
able addition to a conservative wall. 
Cadia varia L’Hérit. (Don’s Mill., 2. p. 435.) is ashrub, a native of Arabia Felix, with impari-pin- 
nate leaves; and flowers, at first white, but, as they fade, becoming rose-coloured. It was introduced 
in 1777, and might be tried against a wall. 
Zuccdgnia Cav. is a Chilian genus, of which the species are probably half-hardy. ZPpunctita Cav. 
a 5. Lae t.403., has abruptly pinnate leaves, and saffron-coloured flowers. It grows to the height 
te) . or 5 ft. 
Ceratinia Siliqua L. (Bot. Rep. ,t. 567., and our figs. 365, 366.) is a very interesting tree, a native of 
a the south of Europe, particularly Spain ; it is also found in Mau- 
ritania and the Levant. The leaves are abruptly pinnate; the 
leaflets oval, obtuse, flat, coriaceous, and of a shining dark 
green. The flowers are polygamous or dicecious, and without 
petals. The tree grows to the height of from 30 ft. to 50 ft. In 
the south of Europe, when the fruit is per- ; 
fectly ripe, the pulp contained in the pods is 
eaten by men, the seeds by horses, and the 
husks by swine; hence, probably, the po- 
“3 pular English name of sow’s bread. When 
unripe, the fruit is considered very unwhole- 
some, and even dangerous, to the cattle that 
feed on it. The Egyptians make a kind of 
honey of the pulp, which serves the Arabs 
instead of sugar ; they also make a preserve 
like that made with tamarinds of the pods, 
which is a gentle laxative. This fruit was 
anciently supposed to be what St. John fed 
on in the wilderness ; hence its name of St. 
John’s bread; the seeds being said to be 
meant by the word translated ‘* locusts ;’’ 
and the pulp by the term “ wild honey.” 
The husks are thought to have been the dry 
and wretched food that the Prodigal Son was 
driven to long for, in the last stage of his misery and starvation. The plant has been in British 
green-houses since 1570; and the male plant, has flowered every autumn, for many years past, in 
the Mile End Nursery. This tree will very nearly stand the open air in the vicinity of Paris; and, 
if planted against a wall in the neighbourhood of London, it would probably stand with very little 
protection. Its fine large coriaceous dark green foliage ought to be a strong inducement for every 
one who has an opportunity to give it a trial. As a fruit tree, it may merit introduction into Austra- 
lia, for which purpose the seeds can be readily procured from Spain. It is remarked in the Nouveau 
Du Hamei, 1. p. 255., that, when the ripe fruit has been eaten by oxen or mules, the seeds which 
have passed through them without digestion vegetate much sooner than when they are sown in the 
natural manner. The tree is of slow growth, and the wood is extremely hard and durable. Its roots 
attach themselves so firmly to the soil, that, in Spain, even in the most 
exposed situations, in the gullies of mountains for example, the tree has 
never been known to be blown down by the wind, so as to be torn up by 
the roots, though large branches have been broken off it by storms. 
Castanospérmum australe Cunningham (Hook. Bot. Misc., 1. p. 241. t. 51. 
and t. 52.) isa New Holland tree, growing to the height of 40 ft. or 60 ft., 
the legumes of which are produced from two years’ old wood ; and they 
contain seeds as large as Spanish chestnuts, which are eaten roasted by 
the natives about Botany Bay. “As one of the few New Holland trees 
which produce edible fruit, it is highly interesting, and well deserves a 
place against the conservative wall, adjoining Ceratonia. 
Cassia L. is a genus consisting chiefly of tropical shrubs or herbs, with 
abruptly pinnate leaves, and yellow flowers, most of which require to be 
kept in the stove; but C. Barclayina Swt. (Fl. Austr., t. 32., and our 
fig. 367.) and C. australis Hook. (Bot. Mag., t. 2676., and our jig. 368.) 
are natives of New Holland, growing to the height of 3 ft. or 4 ft., and wg 
producing their fine showy yellow blossoms from June to August. The ( 
senna of the druggists is produced from the leaves of two species of this genus, C, lanceolata and C- 



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