CHAP. XLII. ROSA'CEH. CE’RASUS. 693 
by Loiseleur in the Nouveau Du Hamel. We shall slightly notice the groups 
included in the Nouveau Du Hamel, under each species; we shall afterwards 
give a list kindly furnished to us by Mr. Thompson of the London Horti- 
cultural Society’s Garden, of the kinds of both species which he thinks most 
deserving of culture as ornamental trees ; and our description, history, &c., will 
comprehend both species, and the races and varieties belonging to them. 
The arrangement of the varieties, and general culture of the cherry in the 
kitchen-garden and orchard, will be found at length in our Encyclopedia of 
Gardening ; and, in a more condensed form, in our Suburban Gardener. 
¥ 1. C. sytve’stris Bauhk. and Ray. The wild black-fruited Cherry Tree. 
Identification. Bauh. Hist., 1. 1 2, p.220.; Ray Hist., 1539.; Pers. Syn. 2. p. 35. 
Synonymes and Garden Names. C. avium Meench Meth., 672., Dec. Fl. Fr., No. 3786., Dec. Prod., 
2. p. 535., Lows. in N. Du Ham., 5. p.10., Don’s Miil., 2. p. 505. ; C. nigra Mill. Dict., No.2., not of 
Ait., Ger. Em.,1505.; Primus avium Lin. Sp., 680.; P. avium var. « and 8, Willd. Baum., ed. 2. 
p. 308. ; P. nigricans, and P. varia Ehr. Bettr., 7. p. 126,127.; Gean, Bigarreau, Corone, Coroon, Small 
Black, Black Hertfordshire, Black Heart, Black Mazzard, the Merry Tree of the Cheshire peasants, 
the Merries in Suffolk; Mérisier, Merise grosse noire, Guignier, Bigarreautier, Heaumier, Fr. ; 
Siisse Kirsche, Ger. 
Derivation. This cherry is called Corone, or Coroon, in some parts of England, from covone, acrow, in 
reference toits blackness. Merry Treeand Merries are evidently corruptions of the word Mérisier ; 
and Mérisier is said to be derived from the words amére, bitter, and cevise, cherry. Bigarreau is 
derived from bigarrée party-coloured, because the cherries known by this name are generally of two 
colours, yellow and red ; and Heaumier is from the French word heaume,a helmet, from the 
shape of the fruit, 
Spec. Char., §c. Branches vigorous and divaricate ; the buds from which the 
fruits are produced, oblong-acute. Flowers in umbel-like groups, sessile, 
not numerous. Leaves oval-lanceolate, pointed, serrated, somewhat pen- 
dent, slightly pubescent on the under side, and furnished with two glands at 
the base. (Dec. Prod., and Nouveau Du Hamel.) The colour of the fruit is 
a very deep dark red, or black; the flesh is of the same colour, small in 
quantity, austere and bitter before it comes to maturity, and insipid when 
the fruit is perfectly ripe. The nut is oval or ovate, like the fruit, firmly 
adhering to the flesh, and very large in proportion to the size of the fruit. 
The juice is mostly coloured; and the skin does not separate from the 
flesh. A tree, a native of Europe, found in woods and hedges ; very dwarf 
in unfavourable soils and climates, but growing to the height of 40 ft. or 
50 ft., or upwards, in dry fertile soils. The flowers are produced in April, 
and the fruit ripens in June or July, Under this species are included, in 
the Nouveau Du Hamel, the following races or groups : — 
1. Mérisiers, or Merries, with black or yellow fruit. 
2. Guigniers, or Geans (C. Juliana Dec.), with red or black fruit, early or 
late, and including the tobacco-leaved guignier, or gean, of 4 to the pound 
(the C. decumana of Delauny). 
3. Heaumiers, the Helmet-shaped Cherries, (C. Juliana var. heaumidna Dec.) 
somewhat resembling the bigarreau, but with less firm flesh. 
Variety of this race used for ornamental purposes. 
¥ C. s. durécina 2 flore pléno Hort., the double-flowered wild black 
Cherry ; Mérisier 4 Fleurs doubles, or Mérisier Renunculier, Fr.; is a 
very beautiful variety, known, in the garden of the London Horti- 
cultural Society, as the double French white. The tree there, in 
1835, was upwards of 20 ft. high, after having been 10 years planted. 
4. Bigarreautiers, the Bigarreau, or hard-fleshed Cherries, (c. duracina Dec.) 
with white, flesh-coloured, and black fruit, generally heart-shaped. 
¥ 2.C. vutea‘Ris Mill. The common Cherry Tree. 
Identification. Mill. Dict., No. 1.; N. Du Ham., 5. p. 18. 
Synonymes and Garden Names. Prinus Cérasus Lin. Sp., 679. ; C. horténsis Pers. Syn, 2. p.34; C. 
caproniana Dec, FI. Fr., 4. p. 482., Dec. Prod., 2. p.536., Don’s Mill., 2. p. 507.; P. austéra and P. 
acida Ehrh. Beitr.,7. p.129. and 130.; Cherry, Kentish or Flemish Cherry, Morello, May Duke ; 
Cerise de Montmorency, Cerise de Paris, Cerise 4 Fruits ronds, Cerisier du Nord, Cerisier, and 
Griottier in some provinces, Fr. ; saure Kirsche, Ger. 
Derivation. Capronidnais said to be derived from capron,the hautbois strawberry, probably from this 
cherry possessing so much more flavour than C. sylvéstris. Morello is either from mored (Morchélla 
esculénta), the flesh being of the same consistency as the flesh of that fungus; or, perhaps, 
from the French word morelle, a female negro, May Duke is a corruption of Médoc, the province 
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