CHAP. XLII. ROSA CER. ROSA. 761 
Spec. Char., §c. Prickles unequal. Stipules narrow, divaricate at the tip. 
Leaflets 5—7, coriaceous, rigid, ovate or lanceolate, deflexed. Flower 
bud ovate-globose. Sepals spreading during the x, \it 493 
time of the flowering. Fruit subglobose, very RY, 
coriaceous. Calyx and peduncle more or less 
hispid with glanded hairs, somewhat viscose. A 
species allied to R. centifolia L., but with round 
fruit, and very coriaceous leaflets, with more nu- 
merous nerves, that are a little prominent, and 494s 
are anastomosing. (Dec. Prod., ii. p. 603.) Native ~ 
of middle Europe and Caucasus, in hedges. The \» 
flowers vary from red to crimson, and from single “S%) 
to double; and there is one variety with the 437% 
flowers double white. The petals of some of SY + 
the varieties of this rose are used in medicine, 4 
particularly that called officinal; which, though ‘ 
not so fragrant as those of the Dutch hundred- 
leaved rose, also one of the varieties of this 
species, are preferred for their beautiful colour 
and their pleasant astringency. The petals of R. i. 
gallica are those which are principally used for 3 és “Yi 
making conserve of roses, and, when dried, for gargles: their odour is 
increased by drying. They are also used, in common with those of R. 
centifolia, for making rose-water and attar of roses. This rose was called 
by old writers the red rose, and is supposed to have been the one assumed 
as the badge of the House of Lancaster. This, also, is one of the roses 
mentioned by Pliny; from which, he says, all the others have been derived. 
It is often confounded with the damask rose; and is the Rosa damascéna of 
the druggists’ shops. 
Varieties. The varieties of this species are very numerous; some of the 
principal are, the cramoisie, royal crimson, black damask, Fanny Bias, 
Flanders, giant, gloria mundi, grand monarque, the Dutch, the blush, the 
bishop, and Singleton’s (fig. 493.), all old favourites in our gardens ; Malta, 
marbled, several subvarieties; mignonne, six or eight sorts ; Morocco, negro, 
mottled black, Ninon de lEnclos, Normandy; officinal, or the rose of the 
shops, several varieties; purple, 14 sorts; poppy; velvet, several kinds; 
ranunculus, rosa mundi, sultana; and Tuscany. The village maid, a 
striped rose, introduced by Mr. Rogers of Southampton, probably belongs 
to this species. Besides these, and many others, which are garden sorts, 
there are the following distinct varieties : — 
 R.g.2 pumila Lindl. Ros., p. 68.; R. pumila Lin. Suppl., p. 262., 
Jacq. Austr., ii. p. 59. t. 198.; R. repens Munch. Hausv., vy. p. 281. ; 
R. hispida Munch., 1. c.; R. austriaca Crantz Austr., t. 86.; R. 
olympica Donn Hort. Cant., ed. 8. p. 170.; with red single flowers, 
and creeping roots. A native of Austria, Piedmont, Tauria, Cau- 
casus, Iberia, and about Geneva. 
#2 R. g. 3 arvina Lindl. Ros., p.69.; R. arvina Krok. Siles., ii. p. 150.; 
has the leaves naked on both surfaces, and is a native of Silesia. 
% R. g. 4 inapérta Ser. Mel.,i. p. 86., the Vilmorin Rose, has the branches 
and peduncles hispid from prickles ; and the calyx campanulate and 
glandular. The flowers are double, and both white and red. 
2 R. g. 5 A’gatha Red. et Thor. Ros., iii. p. 35., with a fig.; the Agatha 
Rose ; has the sepals more or less pinnate, and the flowers small 
and very double, with the outer petals spreading, but the inner ones 
concave. 
2 R. g. 6 mérmis Ser. in Dec. Prod., ii. p. 604. — Glabrous. Branches 
smooth. Peduncles hardly glandular. Tube of the calyx bell-shaped ; 
Flowers purple and double ; and sepals shortly and simply pinnate. 
« R. g. 7 parvifolia Ser. in Dec. Prod., ii. p. 664.; R. parvifolia Ehr. 


