CHAP. XLII. ROSACEA. CRATE GUS. 819 
at Croome, 25 years planted, it is 18 ft. high. In Ireland, at Oriel Temple, 40 years planted, it is 
30 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 4in., and of the head 34ft. In France, in the Jardin 
des Plantes, 35 years planted, and 25ft. high. In Saxony, at Worlitz, 35 years planted, and 
20 ft. high. In Italy, at Monza, 24 years planted, and 20 ft. high. 
% 4. C. pyriFo‘LIA Att. The Pear-tree-leaved Thorn. 
Identification. Ait. Hort. Kew., 2. p. 168. ; Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., 1. p. 337. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 627. ; 
Don’s Mill., 2. p. 599. 
Synonymes. C. leucophlce‘os (white-barked) Meench Weiss., p. 31. t.2.; C. radiata Lodd. Cat. edit. 
1836; C. tomentdsa Du Roi Harbk., 1. p. 183. ; Méspilus latifdlia Lam. Encyc.,*4. p. 444. ; M. Cal- 
podéndron Ehrh. Beitr.; M. pyrif dlia. Link Enum.; M. cornifdlia Poir.; C. latifolia Ronalds ; 
C. cornifdlia Booth. 
Engravings. Mcench Weiss., p. 31. t. 2.3 Wats. Dend. Brit., t. 61.; Bot. Reg., t. 1877. ; our fig. 571. 
in p. 854. ; and the plate of the species in our Second Volume. 
Spec. Char., §c. In some instances spiny, in some without spines. Leaves 
ovate-elliptical, incisely serrated, obscurely plaited, a little hairy. Flowers 
3-styled. Calyx slightly villose; its sepals linear-lanceolate, serrated. 
(Dec. Prod., ii. p. 627.) The leaves of young trees are larger, and the fruit 
smaller, than those of most other species ; the leaves are also more strongly 
plaited, having the appearance of being furrowed from the midrib to the 
margin. A native of woods and rocky places in‘North America, from 
Pennsylvania to Carolina. In Britain, this species forms a low tree, 
generally spineless, and of less compact growth than most other species, 
about 20 ft. or 25 ft. high: it is rather later in flowering than the preceding 
species; but it is very prolific in flowers; and these are succeeded by 
fruit, small, and of a yellowish red, which ripen early in September, and 
are more eagerly sought after by birds than those of any other species. 
When the fruit, which is of an orange colour, is not eaten by birds, it 
shrivels, turns black, and remains on the tree throughout the winter. It 
was introduced into England in 1765; and flowers in June. 
Statistics. Yn Kensington Gardens, to the right of the Bayswater gate, there is a tree, upwards of 
20 ft. high, which is profusely covered with flowers every year ; in Somersetshire, at Hinton House, 
18 years planted, it is 20ft. high; in Surrey, at Bagshot Park, 20 years planted, it is 12 ft. high ; 
in Lancashire, at Latham House, 12 years planted, it is 18 ft. high; in Pembrokeshire, at Golden 
Grove, 30 years planted, it is 20 ft. high ; in Worcestershire, at Hagley, 14 years planted, it is 
22 ft. high, diameter of trunk 9in., and of the head 18 ft. ; in Yorkshire, at Grimston, 14 years 
planted, itis 22ft. high. In- Scotland, at Edinburgh, in the Botanic Garden, 10 years planted, it is 
18 ft. high ; in Perthshire, at Kinfauns Castle, 15 years planted, it is 12ft. high. In France, in 
the Jardin des Plantes, 35 years planted, and 25ft. high. In Saxony, at Worlitz, 35 years planted, 
itis 16 ft, high. In Italy, at Monza, 24 years planted, it is 18 ft. high. 
§ iii. Macracdnthe. 
Sect. Char. Leaves large, ovate-oblong, slightly lobed and serrated, with 
numerous nerves, and subplicate. Fruit small. Spines very long. Tree 
vigorous and spreading. 
¥ 5, C. macraca’nTHA Lodd. Cat. The long-spined Thorn. 
Synonyme. CC. spina longfssima in the Hammersmith Nursery. 
Engravings. Fig. 572. in p. 855. ; and the plate of this species in our Second Volume, 
Spec. Char., §c. Spines long and numerous. Leaves ovate-oblong, some- 
what acuminate, slightly lobed and bluntly serrated, nerved, and subplicate. 
Fruit small, or middle-sized, of a shining red, and very succulent when ripe. 
Tree spreading, and of very vigorous growth. The shoots straight, and 
tending upwards at an angle of 45°. A native of North America; and, in 
Britain, raised from seed, in 1819, in the nursery of Messrs. Falla, at 
Gateshead, near Newcastle; whence it was sent to the Edinburgh Botanic 
Garden, under the name of the large American azarole. It was sent, by 
Mr. Macnab, to the Garden of the London Horticultural Society, about 
1825. This species promises to become a large and vigorous tree; and 
it seems to be distinct from any of the other large-leaved kinds; though, 
from the appearance of its spines, it may possibly belong to C. Cras-galli. 
Variety. 
4 C. m. 2 minor (fig. 573. in p. 855.) only differs from the species in 
having smaller fruit. There are plants at Somerford Hall. 
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