920 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART 111. 
mountains, in Forfarshire, as high as 2500 ft. Hence it is an excellent tree for 
plantations intended to resist the sea breeze, or to be placed in exposed 
situations ; but, wherever it is wanted to attain a large size, it ought to be 
planted in free soil in a moist climate, or near water, and ina situation that 
is open and airy. Few trees suffer more from extreme heat and drought than 
the mountain ash. 
Propagation and Culture. Plants are almost always raised from seed, 
which should be gathered as soon as it is ripe, to prevent its being eaten by 
birds, which are so fond of it as to attack it even before it is ripe. 
When gathered, the fruit should be macerated in water till the seeds are 
separated from the pulp, and they may be then sown immediately; but, as 
they will, in that case, remain 18 months in the ground before coming up, 
the common mode adopted by nurserymen is, to mix the berries with light 
sandy soil, and spread them out in a layer of 10 in. or 1 ft. in thickness, in the 
rotting ground; covering the layer with 2 in. or 3in. of sand or ashes, and 
allowing them to remain in that state for a year. They are then separated 
from the soil by sifting, and sown in beds of light rich soil, being covered a 
quarter of an inch. The plants having large leaves, the seeds should not be 
dropped nearer together than 2in., which will allow the plants to come up 
with sufficient strength. They may be sown any time from November to Fe- 
bruary, but not later: they will come up in the June following, and, by the 
end of the year, the strongest plants will be 18 in. high, and fit to separate 
from the others, and to plant out in nursery lines. 
Statistics. In the environs of London, there are trees from 25 ft. to 30 ft. high, at Syon, Kenwood, 
and various other places; and many may be seen, of 25 ft. in height, and upwards, in the suburban 
gardens by the roadsides. In Surrey, at Bagshot Park, 22 years planted, the tree is 25 ft. high; in 
Durham, at South End, 18 years planted, it is 30ft. high ; in Hertfordshire, at Cheshunt, 16 years 
planted, it is 17ft high; in Suffolk, at Finborough Hall, 70 years planted, it is 30 ft. high; in War- 
wickshire, at Coombe Abbey, 48 years planted, it is 28 ft. high. In Scotland, in Ayrshire, at Bar- 
ganny, where the tree is indigenous, are many very large specimens; in the village of New Dailly, 
one has a trunk free from branches to the height of 20ft., the diameter at the base being 2 ft. 3in., 
and at the point where the branches originate 2ft. 8in. In Banffshire, at Gordon Castle, it is 30 ft. 
high, the diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 8in., in strong loam, on clay in Cromarty, at Coul, 35 ft. high ; 
in Forfarshire, at Old Montrose, 65 years planted, and 50 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 10in., 
and of the head 40 ft. ; in Kircudbrightshire, at Cally, is a tree, 25 ft. high, with an orbiculate head 
30 ft. in diameter, and branches drooping to the ground. In Ireland, at Dublin, in the Glasnevin 
Botanic Garden, 35 years planted, the tree is 30 ft. high; in Galway, at Coole, itis 20 ft. high. 
In Saxony, at Worlitz, 34 years planted, it is 30ft. high. In Bavaria, at Munich, in the Botanic Gar- 
den, 34 years planted, it is 30 ft. high. 
¥ 29. P. ameRIcA‘NA Dec. The American Service. 
Identification. Dec. Prod., 2. p.637.; Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 204. ; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 648. 
Synonymes. S6rbus americana Ph. ['. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 541.; Willd. Enum., 520.; 8. americana 
var. 8 Michx. Fl. Amer., p. 290. 
Engravings. Wats. Dend. Brit., t. 54. ; and the plate of this species in our Second Volume. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaflets acute, almost equally serrated, glabrous, as is the 
petiole. Pomes globose, of a purplish tawny colour. (Dec. Prod., ii. p. 637.) 
A tree, closely resembling the common mountain ash; a native of the 
woods of Canada and Newfoundland. Introduced in 1782, and growing 
to the height of 15 ft. or 20 ft. It is, apparently, a more robust-growing 
tree than the European mountain ash, with larger leaves, shining above, 
and smooth beneath; but it is, in reality, more tender. The young 
shoots are of a dark purplish colour; and it has small, dark, or pur- 
plish red, fruit. Sir W.J. Hooker says of this species, “In the leaves 
and flowers I can perceive no difference between this and the Euro- 
pean P. aucuparia;” and Michaux considered it only a variety of that 
species. Pursh says that the berries are purple, and not scarlet, as 
in the European mountain ash, Torrey says that the berries are copper- 
coloured; which agrees better than the description of Pursh with the 
appearance of those produced by the trees in the Horticultural Society’s 
Garden, and in other gardens in the neighbourhood of London. The tree 
appears much more tender than the common mountain ash; and, though 
it has been so many years in the country, we do not know of a large, old, 
handsome specimen of it any where. It is propagated by grafting on the 
