938 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. - PART 11. 
in the open garden, in the neighbourhood of London, and more especially if 
the plant is trained against a wall. The blossoms are produced singly, in the 
axils of the leaves, on the shoots of the preceding year, and also on spurs 
proceeding from the old wood. The soil, culture, &c., are the same as for 
Calycanthus. 
2 1, C. rra‘erans Lindl. The fragrant-flowered Chimonanthus. 
Identification. Lindl. Bot. Reg., t. 404. 451.; Dec. Prod., 3. p. 2.; Don’s Mill., 2. p. 652. 35k 
Synonymes. Calycanthus pre‘cox Lin. Sp., 1718., Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 1. vol. 2. p. 220. t. 10., Curt. 
Bot. Mag., t. 466., Lam. Iil., t. 445. t. 2.5 Meratia fragrans Nees Act. Soc. Nat. Bonn., 11. p. 107. ; 
O'bai, or Rodbai Kampf. Ameen., 879. ic.; the Winter Flower; Calycante de Japon, Fr. ; Japa- 
nische Kelch Blume, Ger. ; 
Engravings. Kempf. Ameen. ic. ; Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 1. vol. 2. t. 10. ; Bot. Mag., t. 466.; Lam. Ill., 
t. ; 
445. t. 2. ; and our fig. 662. 
Spec. Char., §c. Bark and leaves scentless. Flowers protruded before the 
leaves, solitary in the old axils of leaves, extremely odorous, yellowish, 
and purple within. Fruit flask-shaped, or thicker above the base, and in the 
upper part tapered into a cylindraceous neck. (Dec. Prod., ili. p. 2.) 
Varieties. 
2 C. f. 2 grandifiorus Lindl. Bot. Reg., t. 451. ; and our fig. 663.—Flowers 
larger, and more spreading. Fruit oblong, tapered at the base. 
(Dec. Prod., iii. p. 2.) 
% C. f. 3 luteus Hort. has the flowers yellow both inside and outside. 
Description., §c. Deciduous shrubs, growing to thé height of 6 ft. or 8 ft., 
as bushes, in the open ground, in sheltered situations in the neighbourhood of 
London, and much higher % 
when trained against a wall. 
The bark is whitish, and the 
leaves of a smooth, shining, 
light green. The flowers, 
which are produced in the \7 
greatest abundance, from /4 
November till March (as 4775 
the name, winter flower im- \ 
plies), and which are de- 
lightfully and refreshingly 
fragrant, scent the air to a 
considerable distance round the tree. This species was introduced in 1776, 
and was generally treated as a conservatory shrub, till within the last 15 
years; when it was found to be quite hardy, more especially when trained 
against a wall. It is now grown in most choice gardens for its flowers; a 
few of which are gathered daily, and placed in the drawingroom, or bou- 
doir, in the same manner as violets. The plant is generally propagated 
by layers; but it frequently produces seeds, from which many plants have 
been raised. The variety C. f. grandiflorus has the flowers rather less fragrant 
than the species, but they are much more ornamental. This is so very 
desirable a shrub, on account of the fragrance of its flowers, and their being 
produced through the whole of the winter, that no garden whatever ought to 
be without it. In the small plots in the front of suburban street houses, it 
may be planted against the house, and trained up so as to form a border to 
one or more of the windows. In all gardens north of London, it deserves a 
wall as much as any fruit tree; at least judging from the measure of enjoy- 
ment which it is calculated to afford: and, south of London, it may also be 
planted as a standard bush on the open lawn, or in the shrubbery. There are 
remarkably fine specimens of the species and varieties in the garden of the 
London Horticultural Society, in the Botanic Garden at Twickenham, at 
Messrs. Loddiges’s ; and, as standards, in the nursery of Messrs. Rollisson, at 
Tooting. The price of plants of the species, in the London nurseries, was, till 
lately, from 5s. to 7s. each; at present, the species, and C. f. luteus, are 
3s. 6d. each; and C. f. grandiflorus is 7s. 6d. At Bollwyller, the species is 5 
francs; and at New York, 2 dollars, and the yellow-flowering variety 1 dollar. 

