CHAP.. XLV. ONAGRA\CEEH. FUCHSIA. 943 
borders, in the same way as has been recommended for the different varieties 
of Rosa indica (p. 782.), and for pelargoniums (p. 483.). Some of the species 
are low shrubs, such as F. cénica, F. virgata, F. macrostémon, F. rosea, 
F, parviflora, F. hybrida, F. excorticata, F. globosa, &c. Others are shrubs 
growing to the height of 6 ft. or 8 ft.; such as F. coccinea, F. gracilis, F, 
tenélla, &c.; and F. arboréscens and F. apétala grow to the height of from 
12 ft. to 16 ft. The higher-growing sorts, when trained to single stems, may 
be planted out, in the beginning of summer, in borders, or on lawns, as tem- 
porary single trees; and in the autumn, on the first appearance of frost, all 
the side shoots may be cut in close to the trunk, and the plant taken up, and 
placed among dry sand, in a cellar, during the winter. About the middle of the 
following May, these plants will have begun to push, along the whole length of 
their stem; when they may be replaced in the border or lawn; not omitting, 
however, to let them be planted in a large mass of entirely fresh soil, light, 
and enriched with rotten leaves, or very old, rotten, hot-bed dung. Some of 
the finest ornaments to the gardens in the neighbourhood of London are pro- 
duced in this way, with comparatively little trouble and expense. 
All the species are remarkably easily propagated by cuttings ; which may be 
put in either of the old or new wood. One of the most expeditious modes is, 
to put a plant into heat in January, and take off the shoots, for cuttings, as 
soon as they are three inches long, as recommended to be done with the tea- 
scented rose. (p. 801.) Abundance of plants may be thus raised every spring, 
for turning out into the open garden in May; and these plants, in cold situa- 
tions, or in moist soils, may either be taken up, and preserved in a cellar during 
winter; or left to perish, and their places supplied by others, raised in the 
manner mentioned. In dry soils, they may be cut down to the ground after 
the first frosts, and the stool, or stock, covered with litter, or leaves, or a 
hillock of earth. In low situations near the sea, and in others which are 
equally favourable in point of climate, the plants may be cut down, and left 
unprotected. 
In this genus, as in most others containing numerous sorts, and from which 
many seedlings have been raised in gardens, there is reason to believe that 
many of the kinds named and described as species are only varieties or 
hybrids. Mr. D. Beaton, an experienced cultivator, and an intelligent writer 
in the Gardener's Magazine, observes that “ The botanical difference, if any, 
of all the Chilian fuchsias is very trifling.’ Dr. Lindley remarks that there 
are some “ who consider the greater part of the Chilian fuchsias as mere va- 
rieties of F. macrostémon,” to which Mr. Beaton replies that “ whoever con- 
siders this considers the reverse of what is the fact. Their origin is still more 
singular. F. macrostémon, in all likelihood, is as much a variety as any of them. 
F. cénica, F. gracilis, F. tenélla, F. virgata, and many more varieties, or 
perhaps species, may be originated by fertilising the stigmas of F. coccinea 
with the pollen of F. arboréscens: this I have proved three times over; and 
I have every reason to believe, though I have never proved it, that F. macro- 
stémon may be produced from F. cénica, fertilised by the pollen of F. arbo- 
réscens. All the Chilian fuchsias will intermix freely with the pollen of F, 
arboréscens ; and, what is very singular, F. arboréscens will not intermix with 
their pollen; at least, I have failed in several attempts to effect this. F, 
excorticata, a New Zealand species, impregnated with the pollen of either 
F. conica or F. globdsa, will produce fac-similes of F. discolor, or the Port 
Famine fuchsia; and the seedlings so produced will not flower till the second 
or third year, which is the case with F. discolor.” (Gard. Mag., vol. xi. p. 281.) 
These circumstances, Mr. Beaton thinks, go far to prove that plants can be 
originated artificially, which will be found capable of reproducing themselves 
from seeds, ad infinitum, with as little variation as is to be found in any natural 
species ; and we believe this is in conformity with the experience of gardeners 
in the culture of Cape heaths, pelargoniums, &c. “ Botanists,” Mr. Beaton adds, 
“say that species so produced revert to either of their parents in the third or 
fourth generation, or become sterile altogether. This,” he continues, “is 
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