CHAP. LIx. ARALIA CER. HE’DERA. 999 
Derivation. According to some, from ara, annoyance, the spines being very troublesome, in its 
native country, to travellers ; but, according to others, a name of unknown meaning, under which 
one species was sent to Fagon, at Paris, from Quebec, in 1764, by one Sarrazin, a French phy- 
sician. 
Description, A shrub, with a single stem, having the habit of a tree; and 
bearing large compositely divided leaves, peculiar in character among shrubs, 
and very interesting, 
#1, A.sprno'sa L. The spiny Aralia, or Angelica Tree. 
Identification. Lin. Sp., p. 392.3; Don’s Mill., 3. p. 389. ; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. 
Synonymes. Aralie, Fr. and Ger.; Spikenard, N. Amer. : athe 
Engravings. Schmidt Arb., t. 102. and t. 103.; Wats. Dend. Brit., t. 116. ; and our jig, 754. 
Spec. Char.,§c. Stem arboreous and prickly. Leaves doubly and trebly 
pinnate. Leaflets ovate, acuminated, and deeply serrated. Panicle much 
branched, beset with Se ap 
velvety stellate down. 
Umbels numerous. 
Involucre _ small, of 
few leaves. Petals 
white and refiexed. 
Styles 5, divaricate, 
arched. Fruit 5-rib- 
bed. (Don’s Mill., iii. 
p- 389.) A tree, 
growing to the height 
of 10 ft. or 12 ft., with 
a single erect stem; 
a hare of Carolina Tt 
Nd 

SQ 




and Virginia, in low, Wy 
fertile, moist woods, : iy C} 
Introduced in 1688; and flowering in August and September. An infu- 
sion of the fruit, in wine or spirits, is considered an effectual cure for the 
rheumatism. In British gardens, this species is propagated by cuttings 
of the roots; and, from its large doi.bly and trebly pinnate leaves, it forms 
a singularly ornamental plant, with a spreading, umbrella-lie head, when 
standing singly on a lawn. After the plant flowers, the stem commonly dies 
down to the ground, like that of the raspberry, and like it, is succeeded 
by suckers. Pursh “ mentions a variety in which the petioles of the leaves 
are without prickles.” Itis found in South Carolina, near Charleston. 
There are some other suffruticose species of Aralia, hardy or half-hardy, natives of North or South 
America, such as A. hispida, Bot. Cab. t. 1306., which are barely shrubby ; and some shrubby species, 
natives of Japan, Cochin-China, or New Zealand, which are not yet sufficiently known, and have 
not been introduced. 

Genus II. 
oY uel 
HE’DERA Swartz. Tue Ivy. Lin. Syst. Pent-Decandria, and Pent- 
Decagynia. 
Identification. Swartz Fl. Ind. Occ., p. 581.; D. Don Prod. Nep., p. 186.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 261. ; 
Don’s Mill., 3. p. 391. 
Synonymes. Aralia, sect. Gymn6épterum Blum. Bijdr., p. 871. ; Hédera, and ArAalia sp. Lin. ; Lierre, 
Fr, ; Ephen, Ger. 
Derivation. Various etymologies have been proposed for the word Hédera ; but the most probable 
supposition appears to be, that it is derived from the Celtic word hedira, acord. The English 
word Ivy is derived from the Celtic word, zw, green. 

Description. The hardy sorts are evergreen shrubs, climbing by the clasping 
roots produced by their stems; but there are a number of species considered 
at present to be of this genus, natives of warm climates, growing to the height 
of from 15 ft. to 20 ft. without support. 
