1000 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PABT Hl. 
a 1. H. Hex L. The common Ivy. 
Identification Lin. Sp., 292. ; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 261. ; Don’s Mill., 3. p. 391. ; Baxter’s Brit. Fl. Pl., 
p. 32.3 Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. é 
Derivation. Helix is derived from ezled, to encompass, or turn round ; in reference to the clasping 
stems, which, however, are not twining. 
Spec. Char.,§c. Stems climbing, throwing out roots from their sides to any 
object next which they may be placed. Leaves coriaceous, glabrous, 
shining, with 5 angular lobes; those on the old upright and rectangular 
branches, which form the tops of the plants, ovate, acute, quite entire. 
Umbels simple, pubescent. (Don’s Mill,, iii. p.391.) A native of Europe. 
Varieties. De Candolle has enumerated three forms of this species, which 
are independent of the varieties cultivated in British gardens : 
& H. H. 1 vulgaris Dec. (Eng. Bot., t. 1267.; = 
and our jig.755.) has the pedicels clothed % 
with stellate down, and the fruit black. 
This is the commonest form of the ivy, 
throughout Europe, in a wild state; and 
_there are varieties of it with white and 
yellow variegated leaves, in gardens. 
a H. H. 2 canariénsis Dec.; H. canariénsis 
Willd. Berol. Mag., ii. p. 170. t. 5. f..1.; 
the Irish Ivy, or Giant Ivy, of British 
gardens; has the pedicels scaly with 
pubescence. Floral leaves subcordate ; 
those of the creeping branches 5-lobed 
and larger than those of the common ivy. 
Fruit ?red, or black. A native of the 
Canary Islands; but the year of its in- 
duction into Britain is uncertain. 
a H.H. ?3 chrysocarpa Dec., H. poética C, Bauh., H. chrysocarpos 
Dalech., H. Dionysias J. Bauh., H. Hélix Wall., is a native of the 
north of India, with yellow fruit. It differs from the common ivy 
in its yellow fruit, and in being of more gigantic growth; in the 
leaves being more cuneated at the base; and in the pedicels being 
scaly. There is a plant in the Horticultural Society’s Garden. = 
The varieties in British gardens, additional to the above, are :— 
aH. H. 4 foliis argénteis Lodd. Cat. The Silver-striped Ivy. 
& H.H. 5 foliis atreis Lodd. Cat. The Golden-striped Ivy. 
& H. H. 6 digitdta Lodd. Cat. The palmate, or hand-shaped, Ivy 
& H. H. 7 arboréscens Lodd. Cat. The arborescent, or Tree, Ivy.—This 
variation is merely an extension of the flowering shoots, which are 
entire-leaved, and take an arborescent character ; and, when a portion 
of them is cut off, and has rooted as a separate plant, it will sometimes 
produce an upright bush, which will retain its arborescent form for 
many years. Sooner or later, however, it resumes its native habit, 
and throws out rambling, or creeping, shoots, with 5-lobed leaves, 
like the common ivy. 
Description. The common ivy is a rooting climber : but, when these roots 
are opposed by a hard substance which they cannot penetrate, they dilate, 
and attach themselves to it, by close pressure on the rough particles of its 
surface. The dilatation of the fibril is sometimes so considerable as to form a 
disk above a quarter of an inch in diameter; and this dilatation is greater or 
less, in proportion to the roughnesss or smoothness of the surface which it 
presses against: because, when the surface is nearly smooth, the projecting 
points, to which alone the disk of the fibril can attach itself, must necessarily 
be small, and not such as to afford a firm hold; and hence a greater number of 
them are required to be included under each disk, to sustain the weight of the 
plant. On very smooth surfaces, such as that of a house or a wall that has 

