CHAP. LXI. CORNA CEH. BENTHA‘MLA. 1019 
nor has he yet seen any plants which have produced fruit in England. 
There is a fine specimen at Syon Hill, upwards of 20 ft. high; and another at 
Syon House, 17 ft. high, both of which have flowered. There are many 
plants, from 6 ft. to 12 ft. high, in the grounds at White Knights, which 
flower freely every year. 
Properties and Uses. The wood is hard, compact, heavy, and fine-grained ; 
and it is susceptible of a brilliant polish. The sap-wood is perfectly white, and 
the heart-wood is of a chocolate colour. In the United States, it is used for 
the handles of hammers and light tools, such as mallets,&c. In the country, 
some farmers use it for harrow teeth, for the hames of horses’ collars, and 
also for lining the runners of sledges; but, to whatever purpose it is applied, 
being liable to split, it should never be wrought till it is perfectly seasoned. 
The shoots, when three or four years old, are found suitable for the light 
hoops of small portable casks; and, in the middle states, the cogs of mill- 
wheels are made of them, and the forked branches are taken for the yokes which 
are put upon the necks of swine, to prevent their breaking into cultivated 
enclosures. The inner bark is extremely bitter, and proves an excellent 
remedy in intermitting fevers. It has been known, and successfully used, by 
the country people in the United States, as a specific in these maladies, for 
more than fifty years. (Bigelow’s Amer. Bot., ii. 74.) Half an ounce of dog- 
wood bark, 2 scruples of sulphate of iron, and 2 scruples of gum arabic, 
infused in 16 ounces of rain-water, make an excellent ink. (Michv.) From 
the bark of the more fibrous roots the Indians obtain a good scarlet colour; 
and Bartram informs us (vol. i. p.51.) that the young branches, stripped 
of their bark, and rubbed with their ends against the teeth, render them 
extremely white. In England, the sole use of this species is as an orna- 
mental shrub; and, wherever it will thrive, few better deserve a place in 
collections. 5 
Soil, Situation, Propagation, §c. This species thrives best in a peat soil 
which must be kept moist; and the situation should be sheltered, though the 
foliage of the plants must be fully exposed to the influence of the sun, other- 
wise they will not flower. They are propagated by cuttings or layers, both 
of which readily strike root. Plants, in the Fulham Nursery, cost 1s. 6d. 
each ; at Bollwyller, 1 franc and 50 cents; and at New York, 374 cents. 
Genus ILI. 
r} 
BENTHA‘M/4 Lindl. Tue Benruamia. Lin. Syst. Tetrandria 
Monogynia. 

Identification. Lindl. in Bot. Reg., t. 1579. 
Synonyme. Cornus sp. Waill., Dec., and G. Don, 
Derivation. Named in honour of George Bentham, Esq., F.L.S., Secretary to the Horticultural 
Society ; and nephew of the celebrated moralist and jurist, Jeremy Bentham. 
¥ 1. B. rraci’FeRA Lindl., The Strawberry-bearing Benthamia, 
Cérnus capitata Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p.434., D. Don Fl. Prod. 
Nepal., 141., and G. Don’s Mill., iii. p. 399., Bot. Reg., t. 1579., and 
our jig. 770., has the branches spreading, and the leaves smooth, lan- 
ceolate, and acuminated at both ends, coriaceous, 2 in. long, glaucous 
and pale beneath, sometimes with pink-coloured nerves. The flowers 
are terminal, congregated into globular heads, surrounded by an involucre 
2in. across when expanded, and composed of 4 yellowish-coloured parts, 
resembling petals: the flowers themselves are greenish, small, «nd incon- 
spicuous. The fruit, when ripe, is of a reddish colour, a good deal re- 
sembling that of the mulberry, but exceeding it considerably in size. The 
flesh is yellowish white, rather insipid, but not unpleasant, although a little 
