CHAP. LXIV. RUBIA‘CEA. CEPHALA’NTHUS, 1061 
CHAP. LXIV. 
OF THE HARDY LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF THE ORDER RUBIA‘CE®. 
Tuts order includes a great number of genera; but there is only one of these 
that contains any ligneous species truly hardy in British gardens. 
Genus I. 
pears 
i 
CEPHALA’‘’NTHUS L. Tue Burton-woop. Lin. Syst. Tetrandria’ 
Monogynia. 
varies Rich. Disas witha fig.s Deo Prod. 4. p-838.5, Don's Mill, X’p. 610. ; Load, Cate od. 1886 
Derivation. From kephate, a head, and anthos, a flower ; in allusion to the flowers being disposed in 
globular heads. 
Gen. Char., §c. Calyx with an obversely pyramidal tube, and an angular 
5-toothed limb. Corolla with a slender tube, and a 4-cleft limb; lobes 
erectish. Stamens 4, short, inserted in the upper part of the tube, hardly 
exserted. Style much exserted. Stigma capitate. Fruit inversely pyra- 
midal, crowned by the limb of the calyx, 2—4-? celled, and separating ito 
2—4 parts; cells, or parts, 1-seeded, indehiscent, and sometimes empty by 
abortion. Seeds oblong, terminating in a little callous bladder. Albumen 
somewhat cartilaginous. Embryo inverted in the albumen, with a superior 
radicle. (Don’s Mill., iii. p. 610.) — Shrubs, with terete branches. Leaves 
opposite, or 3 in a whorl. 
% 1. C. occipentTa‘tis L. The Western Button-wood. 
Identification. Lin. Sp., 138. ; Dec. Prod., 4. p.538.; Don’s Mill., 3. p. 610. ; Lod. Cat., ed. 1836. 
Synonymes. C. oppositifdlius Manch Meth., p. 487. ; Swamp Globe Flower, Amer. 
Engravings. Du Dia, Arb., 1. t. 54. ; Schkuhr Handb,, t. 21., and t. 5. b. fruit. ; Lois. Herb. Amat., 
t. 272. 5 Pluk. Alm., 336, t. 77. f. 4. ; and our jigs. 828, 829. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves opposite, or 3 
in a whorl, ovate or oval, acumi- 
nated. Peduncles much longer than 
the heads, usually by threes at the 
tops of the branches. Petioles red- 
dish next the branches. Heads of 

flowers globular, size of amarble. Flowers whitish yellow. There are varieties 
of this species having the branchlets and young leaves either glabrous or 
downy. (Don’s Mill., iii. p.610.) A shrub, growing to the height of from 
6 ft. to 8 ft.; anative of North America, from Canada to Florida, in marshy 
places. It was introduced in 1735, and flowers in July and August. It will 
grow In common garden soil, but prefers peat kept moist ; and is propagated 
chiefly by seeds, but will also grow by cuttings and layers. It is an inter- 
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