1084 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 
Genus III. 
CALLU‘'NA Sal. Tur Cattuna. Lin. Syst. Octandria Monogynia. 
Identification. Salisbury in Lin. Soc. Trans., 6. p. 317.; Don’s Mill., 3. p. 828. 
Synonymes. Ericasp. Lin. and others. 
Derivation. Thename of Callina is derived from kalluné, which, as Sir J. E. Smith observes, * is 
doubly suitable; whether, with Mr. Salisbury and Dr. Hull, we take it to express a cleansing pro- 
perty, brooms being made of ling; or whether we adopt the more common sense of the word, 
to ernament or adorn, which is very applicable to the flowers.” (Eng. Flora, 2. p. 224.) 
2% 1. C. vute‘aris Sal. The common Ling, or Heather. 
Identification. Salisb. in Lin. Soc. Trans., 6. p. 317.3; Smith Eng. Flora, 2. p. 224.; Don’s Mill. 3. 
Seco Erica vulgaris Lin. Sp., p. 501. ; Ia Bruyére, Fr.; Heide, Ger. ; Lyng, Dan. ; Liung, 
Swed.; Erica, Ital.; Brezo, Span.; Urze, Port. ;.Weresk, Russ. 
Engraving. Eng. Bot., t. 1013. 
Spec. Char., §c. eaves 3-cornered in a transverse section of them, arrow- 
shaped at the base, obtuse at the point, revolute in the lateral margins, im- 
bricate in 4 rows. Flowers disposed in long, terminal, spicate racemes. 
(Don's Mill., iii. p. 828.) A small, spreading, evergreen shrub; native 
throughout Europe, plentiful in Britain. 
Varieties. In Don’s Miller, the following forms of this species are enu- 
merated : — 
2. C. v0. | purpirea.—Flowers purplish red. 
aC. D..2 ee SAP ncls tufted. Racemes short. Flowers pur- 
lish red. 
eS ol. 3 dectimbens.—Branches decumbent. Racemes short. Flowers 
purplish red. 
2. C. v. 4 tomentisa.—Leaves and branches woolly. Flowers purplish 
red. 
2. C. v. 5 dlba—Flowers white, less crowded. Corolla shorter. 
2. C. v. 6 flore pléno.—Flowers double, pale purplish red. 
2. C. v. 7 foliis variegatis.—Leaves variegated. Flowers purplish. 
2. C. v. 8 aivea.—Leaves variegated with yellow. 
2. C. v. 9 coccinea.—Fiowers deep red. 
2 C. v. 10 spicdta.—Racemes long. Flowers red or white. 
2. C. v. 11 and 12.—Two varieties are mentioned by Sir W. J. Hooker, 
as being in cultivation in the Glasgow Botanic Garden, where they 
have retained their differences for years. They have both pubes- 
cent branchlets; but the one has deep red flowers, and was received 
from Aberdeenshire; and the other, which was received from Arran, 
has white flowers, that appear later than those of the other varieties. 
The first may be called é ©. 11 atro-ribens, and the second C. v. 12 
serotina. 
Description, §c. The common heath varies considerably in size, according 
to the soil and situation in which it grows. In open, elevated, exposed 
moors, where there is scarcely any surface soil, it seldom exceeds 1 ft. in 
height ; but in sandy soils, in open woods, it often reaches the height of 3 ft. 
or 4ft., growing erect. On the sides of mountains, in Scotland and Treland, it 
sometimes forms a bed or close matting of recumbent or trailing stems, which 
are 3 ft. or 4 ft. in length; the bed extending for many miles bee tea The 
stems are bushy, and are repeatedly and irregularly branched. The plant is 
of slow growth, seldom making shoots longer than 3 in. or 4 in. in one season, 
even when young; and, when of 5 or 6 years’ growth, not more than half that 
fength : but it is of great duration. 
Geography. The common heath abounds in almost every part of Europe, 
