1170 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART Lil. 
2. 2, O. macroca‘RPus Pursh. The large-fruited, or American, Cranberry. 
Identification. Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., 1. p. 263.; Don’s Mill., 3 p. 858. 
Synonymes. Vaccinium macrocarpum Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 1., vol. 2. p. 13. t. 7., Hook. in Bot. Mag., 
t.2506., Lam Iil., t. 286. f.4.; Vaccinium hispidulum Wangh. Amer., t. 30. f. 67. ; Vaccinium Oxy- 
céccus £ oblongifdlius Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 228. 
Engravings. Dend. Brit., t. 122. ; Bot. Mag., t. 2506. ; and our fig. 993. 
Spec. Char., §c. Stems filiform, trailing. Leaves elliptic-oblong, nearly 
flat, and obtuse, distantly sub-serrulated on the margins, glaucous be- 
neath, downy at the points when young. Seg- 
ments of the corolla linear-lanceolate. Flower- 
bearing branches erect, proliferous. . Pedicels 
lateral. Points of young leaves, peduncles, and 
the margins of the calyx and bracteas, downy, 
Berries spherical, red, often remaining through- 
out the winter. (Don’s Mill., iii. p. 858.) This 
is a trailing shrub, resembling the preceding spe- 
cies, but it is a larger and more robust plant. 
Several flowers come forth at the ends of the last 
year’s branches, surmounted by the shoots of the 
present year. The bracteas are situated on the 
upper part of the pedicels in this species, while in 
Oxycoccus palistris they are situated on the 
lower part. The berries are also larger, and of 
a brighter red. It is a native of North America, 
from Canada to Virginia, in bogs, principally on 
a sandy soil; and it is also frequently found on sad 
high mountains. It flowers from May till July. Introduced in 1760, and 
frequent in collections ; producing, when cultivated for its fruit, which is 
used in all respects like that of the common cranberry both in America and 
Europe, a larger quantity on a given space than O, palistris. 
Propagation, Culture, Sc. This species may, like the other, be propagated 
by cuttings taken from the points of the growing shoots, and planted in sand 
under a hand-glass; or by layers, or division of the plant. In gardens, it may 
be cultivated as directed for the common cranberry; or in floating islands 
formed by filling old boats with peat soil, which may be anchored in a river, or 
fixed stationary in ponds or other pieces of artificial water. Sir Joseph Banks 
was the first person who cultivated the American cranberry in England for its. 
fruit. He grew it on the margin of a pond, in a box of peat soil, suspended 
in water, and procured immense crops. An account of his mode of proceeding 
is given in the Horticultural Society’s T'ransactions, vol.i. p.'71.; and in the Ency- 
clopedia of Gardening, ed. 1835, p. 937. As the results of Sir Joseph Banks’s 
mode of culture, we may here mention, that, in the year 1813, his crop ave- 
raged one fifth of a gallon, or about as many cranberries as will make a good- 
sized cranberry tart, for every 24 square ft. The size of the beds in which 
they were grown was equivalent to 18 ft. square; and the total quantity pro- 
duced from this space was 34 Winchester bushels. It is probable that by 
improvements in the method of culture; such as withholding moisture at the 
ripening season, mixing the peat soil with leaf mould, or consumed stable 
dung or night soil; or, probably, by keeping the peat moist with liquid 
manure instead of common water, and full exposure to the sun, something 
might be done in the way of increasing the size and flavour of the fruit. 
At all events, the subject is worth experimenting upon by the practical gar- 
dener and the amateur. Those who are fond of overcoming difficulties, and 
producing objects at once highly artificial, altogether new, and singular as well 
as beautiful, might try to graft the Oxvcdccus, standard high, on some species 
of Vaccinium or Andrémeda. 
Variety. 
2 O. m. 2 foliis variegatis Hort., Vaccinium macrocarpum fol. var. Lodd. 
Cat., has variegated leaves, and is a very ornamental plant for keep- 
ing in pots, or on moist rockwork. 

