1208 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 
described in Don’s Miler, on the authority of Don Roxas Clemente 
y Rubio’s edition of Herrera’s Agricultura ; and 32 in the Nouveau 
Du Hamel. All these subvarieties deserve trial in new colonies, 
where it is desired to introduce the culture of the olive; but, for those 
who cannot yeocure the whole of them, we give the following 
selection from Michaux’s N, Amer. Syl., p. 192.,as comprising those most 
esteemed in France :— 
1. Olivier pleureur (ONea craniomérpha N. Du Ham., v. p.75. No. 
14.) is one of the largest and finest trees. Its branches are numerous, 
and pendent, like those of the weeping willow. Its fruit is good for the 
table, and yields a pure and abundant oil. This tree should be placed 
in valleys rather than on elevated grounds, as it has more to sppretiend 
from drought than from cold. ‘There are individuals of this kindyin 
Languedoc, that have three times survived the general destruction of 
the common olives by frost. 
2. Olivier a Fruit arrondi (Olea sphex/rica N, Du Ham., v. p. 78. No. 
96.) is also among the kinds least sensible to cold. It requires moisture, 
a good soil, and abundant manure. Its oil is of a superior quality. 
3. Olivier de Lucques (O'lea minor lucénsis N. Du Ham., v. p.72. No. 
9.) is hardy, and yields a fruit proper for preserving. ‘ 
4. and 5. Olivier a petit Fruit rond, N. Du Ham., v. p. 72. No. 2.; and 
Olivier de Salon, N. Du Ham., v. p.76. No.19.; are good for oil, and 
prefer dry and elevated grounds. 
6. Olivier amygdalin (Olea amygdalina N. Du Ham., v. p. 78. No. 25.) 
is much esteemed about Montpelier for its fine and abundant oil. 
7. Olive Picholine (Pignola, Ital.; Olea obl6nga N. Du Ham., v. p. 74. 
No, 12.) yields the kind of olives most celebrated for pickling. This variety is not delicate in 
the choice of soil and climate. 
O. excélsa Ait. is a native of Madeira, whence it was 
introduced in 1784. It has stood out in Ireland, for several 
years, without any protection whatever, in the nursery of 
Mr. Robertson of Kilkenny, who thinks it will ultimately 
prove a valuable addition to our hardy evergreens. (See 
Gard. Mag., vol. iii. p. 106.) In July, 1836, this tree 
measured 30 ft. in height, and the head 7 ft. in diameter. 
A second tree of the same species, Mr. Robertson informs 
us, has stood out equally well in an exposed situation ; 
and neither has ever received any protection whatever. 
O. americina L., Michx. Arb. Amer., 3. t.6., and our 
fig. 1034,, the devil-wood of the Americans, is a tree, a 
native of the southern states, as far north as Norfolk, in 
Virginia. It is sometimes found as high as 30 ft. or 35 ft. ; 
but its ordinary height is 10 ft. or 12ft. The leaves are 
4in. or 5 in. long, of a shining light green; and they re- 
main on two or three years. The fertile and barren 
flowers, Michaux states, are on separate trees ; though, 
according to Linnzus (Mant.), there are male and female 
flowers on the same plant with hermaphrodites. The 
flowers are very small, of a pale yellow, and strongly 
scented ; appearing about the end of April. The fruit is 
round, about twice the size of the common pea; and, 
‘when ripe, of a purple colour, approaching to blue. It 
ripens in October, and remains attached to the tree during a great part of the winter, forming a fine 
contrast to the foliage. This plant is considerably hardier than the common olive; and, in the 
climate of London, would probably stand the open air, in a sheltered situation, ~~ 
as astandard. There is a very handsome flourishing plant against the wall, & 
in the arboretum of Messrs. Loddiges, which receives no protection whatever. 
O. frigrans Thunb., Bot. Mag., t. 1552., Bot. Cab., t. 1786., and our fig. 1035.f 
is a native of Japan and China, where it is much cultivated for the sake o, 
its sweet-scented flowers ; which, it is said, are used for giving flavour to tea. 
The plant, though not very hardy, would probably stand against a conservative 
wall, with a little protection. The scent of this plant, Messrs. Loddiges 
observe, ‘is astonishing ; and so diffusive, that we distinctly noticed it, when 
in bloom, on the back wall of our green-house, at considerably more than 
100 yards’ distance.”’ (Bot. Cab., t. 1786.) 
O: capénsis L.; O. buxitdlia Mill., Hort. Eith., 1. t. 160. f.194., Bot. Reg., 
t. 613.; has coriaceous, oblong, dense, and rigid leaves. It is a native of the 
Cape of Good Hope, where it forms a tall tree; and, if grafted on the 
common privet, would doubtless stand against a conservative wall, with a 
little protection. 




Sect. II. Syri’nGEA. 
Genus IV: 
1 
SYR’ NGAL. Tue Litac. Lin. Syst. Diandria Monog¥nia. 
Identification. Lin. Gen, pees E 3 ; 
ae Hea at 2 ees , No. 22.; Gertn. Fruct., 1. t.49.; Lindl. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2., p. 308. ; 
Synonymes. Lilac Tourn. Inst., t. 372., Juss. Gen., p. 105, ; Lilas, Fy. ; Flieder, Ger. 
