CHAP. LXXV. OLEA CER. O/RNUS. 1241 
+ 36. F. Scu1epEA‘NA Schlecht. Schiede’s Ash. 
Identification. Schlecht. et Cham. in Linnza, 6. p. 1.; Don’s Mill, 4. p 55. 
Synonyme. Fagara dubia Reem. et Schult., 3. p. 288. 
Spec. Char., &c. Glabrous. Leaves with 3 pairs of sessile, lanceolate, bluntish, quite entire leaflets, 
or with a few obsolete serratures in front; the old ones the longest, and attenuated at the base ; 
all thin, shining above, and palerbeneath. Common petiole channeled. Samara nearly linear, 
with the wing hardly dilated in front, elliptic-oblong, obtuse at the apex, ending in an oblique 
little point. Calyx deeply 5-parted. Stigmas 2. (Don’s M7ii., iv. p. 55.) A tree, 10 ft. to 15 ft. 
high; a native of Mexico, in warm situations. Not yet introduced. 
Genus VII. 
O’RNUS Pers. Tur Frowerine Asu. Lin. Syst. Didndria Monogynia, 
or Polygamia Dice‘cia. 
Identification. Pers. Ench., 1. p.8.; Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., 1. p.6.; Nutt. Gen. Amer., 1. p. 6.; 
Lindl. Nat. Syst. Bot., p. 308.; Don’s Mill, 4 p. 56. ° 
Synonymes. Fraxinus sp. of the older authors; le Fréne 4 Fleurs, F,; die bliihende Esche, Ger. ; 
Oren, Hebrew ; Oreine mélia, Greek. 
Derivation. From oros, the Greek word for a mountain. 
Gen. Char., §c. Flowers hermaphrodite, or of distinct sexes. Calyx 4- 
parted or 4-toothed. Corolla 4-parted; segments long, ligulate. Stamens 
with long filaments. Stigma emarginate. Samara 1l-celled, 1-seeded, 
winged. (Don’s Mill., iv. p. 56.)—Trees, natives of Europe, North America, 
and Asia ; with impari-pinnate leaves, and terminal or axillary panicles of 
flowers, distinguished from those of the common ash, by having corollas. 
Culture and price as in the American species of Fraxinus. 
¥ 1. O. EUROP#‘A Pers. The European Flowering, or Manna, Ash. 
Identification. Pers. Ench., 1. p.9.; Sav. Trat., ed. 2. t. 1.; Don’s Mill., 4 p. 56. 
Synonymes. Fraxinus O’rnus Lin. Sp., 1510., Smith Fl. Grec., 1. t. 4., Mill. Ic., t. 1., Lam. 
TIil., 9. t. 858. f. 2., Woodv. Med. Bot., 1. p. 104., Church. et Stev. Med. Bot., 2. t. 53., Lodd. Cat., 
ed. 1836; F. O'rnus, and F. paniculata M/7l/. Dict., No. 3. and No. 4.; F. florifera Scop. Carn., 
No. 1250.; F. botrydides Mor. Prelud., 265.; F. vulgatior Segn. Ver., 2. p. 290. 
Engravings. Fi. Grec., 1.t.4; Mill. Fig., t.1.; Lam. Ill, 9. t 858. f. 2.; Woodv. Med. Bot., 1. 
p. 104. t. 36.; Church, et Stev, Med. Bot., 2. t. 53.; N. Du Ham., t, 15.; and the plates of this 
species in our last Volume. 
Varieties. O’rnus rotundifdlia and QO. americana, described below as species, are, without doubt, 
only varieties of O. europe‘a ; and there is another variety, introduced from the Continent in 1835, 
of which there are young plants in the collection of Messrs. Loddiges, bearing the name of F. O rnus 
globifera, 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves with 3—4 pairs of lanceolate or elliptic, attenuated, 
serrated, stalked leaflets, which are entire at the base, villous or downy 
beneath. Flowers greenish white. Peduncles axillary, solitary, shorter 
than the leaves. Flowers complete or hermaphrodite. Young branches 
purplish or livid, with yellow dots. Buds cinereous. (Don’s Mill., iv. p. 56.) 
A tree, from 20 ft. to 30 ft. high ; a native of the south of Europe. Intro- 
duced in 1730, and flowering in May and June. 
Properties and Uses. This species, the following one, and, probably, all 
those of both the genera Fraxinus and O’rnus, extravasate sap, which, when 
it becomes concrete, is mild and mucilaginous. This sap is produced in more 
abundance by O’rnus europee‘a and O., rotundifolia, than by any other species ; 
and, collected from these trees, it forms an article of commerce under the name 
of manna. This substance is chiefly collected in Calabria and Sicily; where, 
according to the Materia Medica of Geoffroy, the manna runs of itself from 
the trunks of some trees, while it does not flow from others unless wounds 
are made in the bark. Those trees which yield the manna spontaneously 
grow in the most favourable situations; and the sap runs from them spon- 
taneously only during the greatest heats of summer. It begins to ooze out about 
mid-day, in the form of a clear liquid, which soon thickens, and continues to 
appear till the cool of the evening ; when it begins to harden into granules, 
which are scraped off the following morning. When the night has been damp 
