40 Shells as evidence of the Migrations. 
fruit tree. These trumpets are also used by the herald, 
and on board the native fleets. 
Captain Cook also speaks of the natives of Toobouai 
Island blowing large conch-shells in a long tone without 
any variation; but what it portended he could not ascer- 
tain.” 
Hutchinson” gives a casual reference to the shell- 
trumpets of the Marquesas Islands, saying that they differ 
from that known as “ Bosina” in Peru (see below). 
In Micronesia, shell-trumpets are recorded as in use 
at Ponape (Ascension Is.), Caroline Islands, and in the 
Marshall Archipelago.” Of their use in the Pelew Islands, 
Captain Wilson tells us” that in 1783, as a preliminary 
to an attack on a neighbouring enemy, the king, Abba 
Thulle, ordered the conch to be sounded as a signal for 
forming the iine of battle. Captain King also refers to 
the blowing of the conch as a signal of defiance and 
warning in the Sandwich Islands.” 
In the New World we have several instances of the 
use of shells as trumpets. A species of 7rzfon was used 
formerly by the Indians of South America as a trumpet, 
and a specimen was dug up at Canete, in Peru. The 
shell was called “ Bosina,” on account of the sound pro- 
duced by blowing into it resembling the roar of a bull, 
and it was used to announce the approach of any great 
man into a town. It was ornamented with tassels of 
human hair, and a leather strap of exquisite workmanship.” 
©* G. A. Cooke, op. cit., ye p- 65. 
€2 Journ. Anthrop. Inst., iV., 1874, p. 13. 
7° Q, Finsch, ‘* Ethnologische Erfahrungen und Belegstiicke aus der 
Siidsee,”” Annal. des kK. K. nathist. Hofmuseums, Wien, 1888—93, fide 
Schmeltz, of. c#/. P 
Fea ** An account of the Pelew Islands,” London, 1789, p. 150. 
71 (5, A. Cooke, of. et#., i., pp. 306 and 353. 
7? Lovell, of. c##., p. 196, quoting Hutchinson's ** Two Years in Peru,” 
vol. 1, Pp» 134. 
