PEAS DI D.C & 
Since the rest of this work has been printed further 
information bearing upon the matters discussed in it has 
come to my knowledge. Some of these data are of 
sufficient importance, especially from their bearing upon 
the problems of geographical distribution, to justify the 
writing of an appendix. 
The discovery of the art of purple-dyeing has been 
attributed to the Tyrian tutelary deity Melkart, who is 
identified with Baal by many writers. According to Julius 
Pollux (“Onomasticon,” i., iv.) and Nonnus (“Dionys.,” XL., 
306) Hercules (Melkart) was walking on the seashore 
accompanied by his dog and a Tyrian nymph, of whom 
he was enamoured. The dog having found a Murex with 
its head protruding from its shell, devoured it, and thus 
its mouth became stained with the purple. The nymph, 
on seeing the beautiful colour, bargained with Hercules 
to provide her with a robe of like splendour. He obtained 
the shell-fish, extracted the purple, and dyed for her the 
first robe of Tyrian purple, thus acquiring her favour. [n 
the exergue of some of the coins of Tyre is represented 
this discovery of the purple-shell by the hound of Her- 
cules. 
In Coleman’s “ Mythology of the Hindus,” (London, 
1832), a remarkable picture is given (Plate 5, fig. 2) of the 
fish-incarnation of Vzshau with an animal resembling a 
dog issuing out of a conch-shell at his feet. The asso- 
ciation of a dog with Vzshnu and his most sacred chank 
is hardly likely to have been invented by the worshippers 
of Vishnu, for to the Hindu the dog is unholy and an 
object of dread. This idea could hardly have originated 
in India itself, but was brought there along with a host of 
other bizarre conceptions. 
In the legend of the discovery of the purple dye we 
have seen the mystic association (or companionship) of 
the god with the conch-shell and the dog. In the Indian 
picture we see a representation of the identical conception. 
In the foot-notes to Rawlinson’s “ History of 
Hercdotus ” (London, 1858, vol. ii., pp. 414-5, footnote 2), 
there is a reference to a shell in the hand of a statue of a 
