TivirARiD.i:. 



171. Vivipara theobaldi, Kohelt. 



Yivipnrn theohaldi, Kobelt, in Martini & Chemnitz, Concli.-Cab. 

 1907, p. 151, pi. 30, tig3. 10, 11. 



Original description: — Testa exumbilicata, ovato-conica, tennis, 

 haud nitens, unicolor fusco-olivacea vel subnigrans, subtiliter 

 striatula, pleriimque limo ferrugiueo adliserente induta, apice 

 nigricante. Spira conica, apice acuto, sutura parum impressa. 

 Anfractus 7, superi convexi, inferi .supra planati et angulati, 

 cariiiis spiralibus plus uiiiiusve distinctis 3 cincti, ultimus acute 

 carinatus, carina versus aperturam distinctiore et subtiiberculata, 

 utrinque convexus, carinulis tribus superioribus, prima et secunda 

 magis anproxiuiatis, duabus inferis un'noribus cinctiis, antice 

 descendens, basi irregulariter costato-sulcatus, spirae altitudinem 

 superans. Apertura parum obliqua, basi recedens, ovata, supra 

 acutiuscula, faucibus cojrulescentibus, a ix fasciatis ; peristoma 

 (•alio angusta nigro-marginato continuum, miirgiue externo vix 

 incrassato, extus ad carinam angulato, cohunellari calloso, distincte 

 duplici seel parum incrassato, albo, nigro-margiiiato. 



Alt. 31-5, diam. 24 mm. 



Aperture : alt. 17, diam. 12 mm. 



JJab. Burma (Jloellendorff ColL). 



172. Vivipara crassa {Hutton). 



Vivijmra crassa (flutton), MSS. in Benson, J. A. S. B. v, 183G, 

 p. 74.") (as Paludina) ; E.eeve, Con. Icon., Faludina, sp. 33. 



Taludina ohfiisa, Troschel, Wiegnjann's Arch. Nat. Hist. 1837, 

 p. 173 : Philippi, N. Conch, i, p. 116, pi. 1. fiff. 14 : Reeve, Con. 

 Icon., Paludina, fig-. 33 ; H. & T., C. I. pi. 76, figs. 2, 3. 



Original descri2>tion : — Testa ovato-conoidea, ventricosa, solida, 

 pallide virente, obsolete fasciata, rugis exilissimis decussata ; 

 anfractibus tumidis, suturis excavatis ; spira obtusa ; umbilico 

 subcanaliculato ; apertura intus lactescente. 



Alt. 2.5 mm. 



Ifab. Bengal. 



" Tbis species varies in configuration even in tlie same waters, 

 some specimens approaching to a subglobose form, while others 

 have a more lengthened conoid spire. It is very abundant in the 

 river Gumti at Jon|)ur, where it is paler, and has a more yellowish 

 tinge than the Silhet variety, which, from having an eroded 

 summit, appears to have inhabited stagnant water. It has a 

 singular habit, for the genus, of burying itself in the mud or 

 sand in shallow water, often in large societies ; other species 

 conceal themselves in the mud in the season of drought, but 

 /'. crassa does so from choice, and is impelled by no such 

 necessity. The shell of the lately excluded young i" so depressed 

 and globular, that it might be easily mistaken for a young 

 Amjndlaria. The adult shell attains a degree of thickness 

 unusual in the genus." 



