152 Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa. 



cusps, of which the inner one represents the endocone. The basal plates 

 of the lateral teeth are oblique, although in the inner teeth they taper 

 posteriorly in the same way as in Jiottentotum. Towards the edges of the 

 radula the basal plates become somewhat shorter, and the cusps become a 

 little longer and narrower, but there are no true marginal teeth. The 

 transverse rows of teeth trend forwards a little on each side, forming a slight 

 angle in the centre. The radular formula is (15+1 + 15) X 85. 



The teeth of this little snail closely resemble those of the European 

 species P. pygmaeum (Drap.).* The discovery of undoubted members of 

 the Punctinae in this region is of special interest, for although this subfamily 

 is widely distributed, like many groups of minute snails, and has long been 

 known to occur in Abyssinia, as well as in Europe, Asia, North America, 

 Australia, and New Zealand, and has also been found in Juan Fernandez, 

 off the west coast of South America, | it does not seem to have been hitherto 

 definitely recorded from South Africa, notwithstanding that the South 

 African molluscan fauna has many features in common with that of the 

 Australian Region, where this group is well developed. 



Family ENIDAE. 



Genus Conulixus von Martens, 1895. 



i—Edouardia Gude, 1914.) 



It is now accepted that von Martens' designation of B. velutinus Pfr. as 

 type of Pachnodus Albers is valid and that Bourguignat was in error in his 

 subsequent substitution of B. spadiceus Mke. as genotype. As these two 

 species differ considerably in both conchological and anatomical features, 

 it becomes necessary to find a new generic name for the group to which the 

 last mentioned belongs. 



There is a very closely graded chain of links uniting the large carinate 

 species, such as spadiceus Mke. and natalensis Krs., with the less carinate 

 conulus Rve. and maritzhurgensis M. and P., while from these there is easy 

 transition to the smaller northern forms, metuloides Smith, mefula Mts., etc. 

 Anatomical research tends to prove that all the South African species are 

 congeneric, and that consequently any genus-name already applied to one 

 of them will be applicable to all. 



The oldest of such appears to be Conulinus, which von Martens founded 

 in 1895 as a subgenus of Buliminus for three new species, ugandae, hilde- 

 brandti, and metula. He fixed no type, but mentioned that ugandae was 

 " verwandt mit B. conulus Rv." In 1897 he again dealt with Conulinus, 



* See Bowell : Proc. Malac. Soc, vol. xi, 1914, p. 159. 



t Odhner : Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez and Easter I., vol. iii, 1922, p. 227. 



