HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF FLOWER POLLINATION 15 
Class I. Arrangements for temporary imprisonment. (Appa- 
recchi a carcere temporaria.) The -visitors fall into a cavity, and remain for 
a time in captivity. 
1. Aristolochia type. 
(a) Micromyophilous form: Aristolochia Clematitis, pallida, rotunda, altissima, 
ciliata, Sipho, tomentosa, and saccata; Ceropegia elegans, Riocreuxia torulosa, 
Heterotropa asaroides, Asarum elegans, Thismia Brunoniania and clandestina, 
Arum italicum and maculatum. 
(6) Sapromyophilous form: Aristolochia cymbifera, grandiflora, foetens, gigantea, 
and cordiflora; Sapria Himalayana, Hydnora africana and americana, Arisaema 
ringens; Arum crinitum, muscivorum, and Dracunculus. 
2. Cypripedium type. 
Cypripedium Calceolus and barbatum, Selenipedium caudatum. 
3- Coryanthes type. (Perhaps both ornithophilous and mellitophilous.) 
Coryanthes macrantha, Stanhopea grandiflora, Gloxinia maculata, Gongora 
speciosa, Eutoxeres Aquila. 
Class II. Lodger arrangements. (Apparecchiaricovero.) The visitors 
voluntarily spend some time in the flowers that protect them. 
4. Aspidistra type. 
(2) Micromyophilous form: Aspidistra elatior, Tupistra nutans, Ataccia cristata, 
Tacca integrifolia, Asarum europaeum and canadense, Ambrosinia Bassii, Atherurus 
ternatus, Arisarum vulgare and proboscideum. 
(6) Sapromyophilous form: Rafflesia Arnoldi, Horsfieldi, Patma, &c.; Brug- 
mansia Zippelii, Amorphophallus campanulatus, Dracontium polyphyllum, Simplo- 
carpus foetidus, Arum triphyllum. 
5. Magnolia type. (Beetle flowers.) 
Magnolia grandiflora, &c., Nelumbium speciosum and luteum, Nymphaea alba, 
Victoria regia, Euryale ferox, Paeonia Moutan and albiflora, Calycanthus floridus, 
Eupomatia laurina. 
6. Hydrangea type. (Beetle flowers.) 
Hydrangea quercifolia, Cornus paniculata and sanguinea, Ligustrum vulgare, 
Fraxinus Ornus, Viburnum Opulus and Lantana; Sambucus nigra, Ebulus, and 
racemosa; Crataegus Oxyacantha, Ornithogalum arabicum. 
7. Fig type. 
Ficus Carica, Sycomorus; and others. 
Class III. Tubular arrangements. (Apparecchi tubati.) The visitors 
enter the wide corolla tube, only remaining there long enough to gather pollen or 
suck nectar. 
8. Datura type. 
Datura arborea, sanguinea, and cornigera; Solandra laevis, Canna iridiflora, 
Fuchsia macrantha, corymbiflora, and fulgens. Cereus grandiflorus and others, 
