HYMENOPTERA—BEES 149 
especially to their hind-legs, and they possess feebly-developed tarsal brushes, which 
can be used not only to clean the body, but also to collect pollen which has adhered 
to any part of it. The genus Prosopis, therefore, is on the lowest level among bees, 
and belongs to them only because of the way it feeds its young. They fill their 
brood-chambers (which are coated by means of their 
broad tongue with hardened slime) with a mixture of 
regurgitated honey and pollen, and this serves as nourish- 
ment for the larva when it escapes from the egg (Hermann 
Miiller, ‘Fertilisation,’ p. 47). The same method of 
nourishing the young also occurs in Sphecodes, but here 
the larvae are fed not only on regurgitated honey, but 
also on pollen that has adhered to the hairy covering 
of the bee’s body. The latter merely supplementary 
method of collecting pollen as larval food by means of 
the body-hairs becomes the exclusive or at any rate the FIG. 61. Sphecodes (after Her- 
‘ ; eae 4 iE mann Miller). Right hind-leg of 
chief one (‘ Fertilisation,’ p. 51). Sph. gibbus Z. ¢, seen from be- 
= . ) hind: c¢, coxa (hip); 77, tro- 
In contrast to the above-described ‘scopulipedes’ Chanter: femur (thigh); ¢#, 
are the ‘dasygastres, to which the species of the _ tibia(shin); /, basal joint of the 
Spe . i : tarsus ; 4, tarsus (foot). 
genera Anthidium, Chalicodoma (now united with 
Megachile), Chelostoma, Diphysis, Heriades, Megachile, and Osmia belong. In this 
second main group of bees there are no marked differences as regards the formation 
of the pollen-collecting apparatus, which is pretty much the same in all the genera. 
nwa 
Fic. 62. Right hind-leg of Prosopis variegata, F. 9, seen from behind (after Hermann Miller). 
¢, coxa (thigh); 7», trochanter; /, femur (thigh); ¢, tibia (shin); 4 joints of the tarsus (foot); 2’, basal 
joint of the tarsus. 
It will therefore be sufficient to consider one only, and here again I shall follow 
Hermann Miller (‘ Fertilisation,’ p. 34), whose account is somewhat as follows :— 
The whole or nearly the whole ventral surface of the abdomen is covered with 
a single brush of stiff bristles inclined backwards, and which vary greatly in length, 
closeness, and colour in different species, but are always simple and smooth, without 
