XIV EXPLANATORY REFERENCES. 
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| 10. Trailing shrubs, the branches of 
which lie prostrate on the ground, 
J but do not root into it; such as 
| 11. Creeping shrubs, or such as send 
up shoots from their creeping roots ; 
as many species of Spire'a, &c. 
many species of willow, Cistus, &c. 
The signs put before each individual species and variety which is described 
as enduring the open air in the climate of London, and in cultivation in 
British gardens, are the same as those used in the Gardener’s Magazine, and in 
the Hortus Britannicus, viz.:— 
9. Climbing shrubs; such as the cle- 
matis, ampelopsis, vine, &c. 
¥ Deciduous tree. & Evergreen twiner. 
% Evergreen tree. 4 Deciduous climber. 
% Deciduous shrub. & Evergreen climber. 
# Evergreen shrub. * Deciduous trailer. 
» Deciduous under-shrub. 2. Evergreen trailer. 
# Evergreen under-shrub. rx Deciduous creeper. 
- Deciduous twiner. ¢, Evergreen creeper. 
The sign -! (or J, indicating a greater degree of tenderness), added to any 
of the above signs in the Table of Contents, indicates that the tree or shrub, in 
the climate of London, requires protection during winter, but is considered 
likely to live against a conservative wall. Throughout the Work, wherever 
the dimensions of any tree or shrub are given, and the year when these dimen- 
sions were taken is not stated, the autumn of the year 1834, when the Work 
was commenced, is to be understood. 
All the botanic names throughout the Work are accented, and have their 
origin indicated, as in the Hortus Britannicus and the Gardener's Magazine. 
The vowels which are sounded short are marked with an acute accent, thus 
(’), as A’ceras ; and those which are sounded long are marked with a grave 
accent, thus (:),as A’brus. The origin of each name is indicated thus : where the 
name has been applied to a plant by the ancients, the first letter is in Italic, 
as Pinus; where it is commemorative of some individual, the letters ad- 
ditional to the name are in Italic, as Banksia, Lambertidna, Douglasii ; 
and where an aboriginal name has been adopted, or where the name is of 
uncertain derivation, the whole word is in Italic as, Ai/dntus, Caragana, &c. 
When the name would otherwise be in Italic, as in the case of synonymes, 
headings to paragraphs, &c., these distinctions are of course reversed, as Pinus, 
Banksia, Ailantus. All the other scientific names, generic or specific, are com- 
posed from the Greek or Latin, with the exception of a very few, which are 
taken from places: as Araucaria, from the country of the Araucanians ; Quércus 
gramintia, from the estate of Grammont; A‘cer monspeliénsis, &c. Further 
details respecting the particulars entered into in classing, describing, and 
recording the trees and shrubs included in this Work, will be found in the 
Introduction, p. 1. to p. 14., and in Part II. Chap. IV. p. 222. to p. 230., 
which we recommend the reader to peruse with attention. 
In the course of the Work, a few exceptions will be found to what is stated 
in these| explanatory pages as general; but they are so very few as to be 
hardly worth notice; and the reasons for them will either be found given 
where they occur, or they are considered to be sufficiently obvious. 
