CHAP. II. BRITISH ISLANDS. 71 
small horses, which were provided at the inns at Cobham, to go 
over the grounds. In the latter part of his life, Mr. Hamilton 
retired to Bath, having sold his place to Benjamin Bond Hop- 
kins, Esq., who built the present house, the original one being 
small. (Manning and Bray's Surrey, ii. 768.) Among the trees 
remaining at Pains Hill are some remarkably fine silver cedars, 
pinasters, and other pines, American oaks, cork trees, and ilices, 
a tupelo tree (Nyssa), tulip trees, acacias, deciduous cypress, 
Lombardy and other poplars, &c. Here some of the first 
rhododendrons and azaleas introduced into England were 
planted by Mr. Thoburn, who was gardener to Mr. Hamilton, 
and who afterwards became an eminent nurseryman at Old 
Brompton. Bowood was laid out about the same time by the 
first Marquess of Lansdowne (then Earl of Shelburne), who 
was assisted by Mr. Hamilton of Pains Hill; and, like that 
place, it was planted with every kind of foreign tree that could 
be procured at the time. Many of these trees still remain, 
and have attained a large size: the cedars and tulip trees are 
remarkably fine. Woburn Farm, which began to be improved 
by Mr. Southcote in 1735, belongs to this class of places; and 
also Strathfieldsaye : the former contains one of the largest liquid- 
ambar trees in England, a remarkably fine hemlock spruce, very 
large tulip trees, acacias, hickories, pines, cedars, and cypresses, 
and a magnificent cut-leaved alder. At Strathfieldsaye are the 
largest hemlock spruce in England, some remarkably fine scarlet 
oaks, a large tupelo tree, and many fine pines and firs. Clare- 
mont, planted about the same time by Brown, for Lord Clive, 
contains a great many exotic trees, particularly cedars of large 
dimensions. ‘There are very large ilices, cork,trees, tulip trees, 
red cedars, a large hemlock spruce, and many other fine speci- 
mens of foreign trees. Oatlands, Ashley Park, and more par- 
ticularly Lord Tankerville’s at Walton, were planted soon after 
this period, and contain many fine specimens. 
Upton House, near Stratford in Essex, was planted by Dr. 
Fothergill about 1762; and, though many of the shrubs were 
sold at the doctor’s death in 1781, the grounds still contain many 
large and fine specimens. Of these we had the following mea- 
sured in January, 1835: Populus canadénsis, 100 ft. high; 
P. dilatata, 120 ft. high; Quércus Tarnerz, 50 ft. high; Corylus 
Colarna, with a trunk 5 ft. in circumference, and forming a very 
handsome tree which bears abundantly every year; Cupréssus 
sempervirens horizontalis, 40 ft. high, a fine specimen; two very 
large cedars, with trunks 94 ft. in diameter, at 6 ft. from the 
ground; a large cork tree; Kolreutérza paniculata, 40 ft. high, 
perhaps the largest in England; a large robinia, &c. Collinson 
states that the d’rbutus dndrachne flowered for the first time 
in this garden, in May, 1766. He adds that the plant was 
