CHAP. III. CONTINENT OF EUROPE. 153 
most part, been either procured direct from Hackney, or from German 
nurserymen who have purchased their foreign trees and shrubs there. 
In the dukedom of Mecklenburg, Baron Laffert has a very rich collection 
of trees and shrubs. Some magnolias grow here in the open air without 
any kind of protection. 
In Anhalt there are few collections besides that of Worlitz, already noticed 
(p. 149.) ; but the cemetery at Dessau, one of the finest in Germany, contains 
a number of good foreign trees. 
In the free townships there is, at Frankfort, a considerable collection in the 
public garden formed on the ramparts from the plan of M. Zeyer, and planted 
“by M. Rinz. (See Encyc. of Gard., edit. 1835, p. 195.) There are, also, col- 
lections of trees, more or less extensive, in the public gardens belonging 
to the other free towns. On the ramparts of Bremen there is an excellent 
collection of poplars, of all the different species and varieties that will endure 
the open air in that part of Germany, of the height of from 60 ft. to 80 ft. 
This collection was made with great care by the late Professor Mertens, 
The principal nurserymen in Germany are, Messrs. Booth of Hamburgh, 
who have an excellent collection of trees in their grounds at Floetbeck; M. 
Hayen, at Erfurt; M. Schelhaus, at Cassel; M. Seidel, at Dresden; M. 
Rosenthal, and M. Held, at Vienna; M. Mathieu, at Berlin; and M. Rinz, 
at Frankfort. 
In Germany, as in France, there are very few evergreen trees and shrubs, 
either in the indigenous or introduced flora, as compared with the ligneous 
flora of Britain. The cedar of Lebanon requires protection all over Germany, 
except in the warmest parts of Hungary and Baden; the common laurel, the 
Portugal laurel, the arbutus, the rhododendron, the kalmia, the laurustinus, 
the furze, and even the Irish ivy, can only endure the winters in Germany in 
very favourable situations. . 
Sect. IV. Of the Indigenous and Foreign Trees and Shrubs of 
Scandinavia, including Denmark, Holstein, Sweden, Lapland, Fin- 
land, Iceland, Greenland, and the Faroe Islands. 
From the northern latitude and severe climate of these countries, it will not 
be expected that their ligneous flora, either indigenous or introduced, can at 
all equal that of Britain. The total number of ligneous species enumerated 
by Retzius, in his Flora Scandinavia, edit. 1795, amounts to 133 species, and 
of that number there appear to be a few, enumerated below, which are not 
natives of Britain. The most important of these are the A‘cer platandides, 
or Norway maple, and the common spruce fir. 
Rosdcee. Rosa Eglantéria, cinnamomea, fluvialis Retzius; Potentilla fru- 
ticdsa; Spirza salicifolia. 
Pomdacee, Crate‘gus mondégyna Jacq. 
Legumindse. Genista germanica, Coronflla E’merus. 
Saficinee, Salix hermaphrédita, hastata, myrtilldides, depréssa, lapponum. 
Acerinee. Acer platandides. 
Cistinee. Heli&nthemum clandicum, Fumana. 
‘Tamariscinee. Tamarix germanica. 
Ericdcee. Phyllédoce taxifolia (Menziésia czrilea) ; Andrémeda tetra- 
gens, hypnoides, calyculata; Rhododéndron lappénicum; Lédum greenldn- 
icum, not found in the limits of Sweden. 
Caprifolideee. Lonicera Xylésteum, cerilea; Linnze‘a borealis. 
5 Conifere. A’bies excélsa; Juniperus comminis minor, communis arbo- 
réscens, 
On looking at the Flora Danica, Flora Suecia, and Flora Lapponica, we 
find the number of ligneous species gradually diminish as we advance north- 
wards, till, in the Faroe Islands, a flora of which has been given by W. C. 
N2 
