178 HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY OF TREES. © 1) PARTI. | 
haps, be received from the interior of the country, and from the African 
islands; but, considering that the floras of these islands, and of Egypt and 
Southern Africa, have been pretty fully explored, our hopes of further ad- 
ditions, fit to endure our climate, are not very sanguine. , 
The trees and shrubs of temperate climates introduced into Africa must 
necessarily be yery few; and till lately they were limited; perhaps, to a few 
shrubs in the gardens of the British consuls. Since the introduction of Euro- 
pean improvements into Egypt, however, the pacha has established an English 
garden under the care of an English gardener, Mr. Traill, who is endeavouring 
to acclimatise the plants and trees both of temperate and tropical climates. 
Algiers, which came into possession of the French in 1830, is receiving from 
that nation of naturalists many European plants; as appears in detail in the 
Annales de la Société d’ Horticulture de Paris for 1831, and in the Gardener’s 
iMagazine, vol. xi, p. 632. A nursery has been established by the French 
authorities, which is said to contain 25,000 trees, bushes, and plants, for the 
purpose of experiment and naturalisation. It occupies 80 acres, and is under 
the care of a director and twenty men. Such an establishment may be re- 
ferred to as one worthy of imitation in colonising a new country. 
Sect. III. Of the Indigenous and Foreign Trees and Shrubs of 
America. 
By far the greatest and most interesting accessions to the British arbo- 
retum have been received from North America; but, as some hardy species 
have also been received from the southern division of that immense country, 
we shall devote a subsection to each. ha 
Sussecr. 1. Of the Indigenous and Foreign Trees and Shrubs of North 
America. 
THE introduction of woody plants from North America into Britain may 
be said to have commenced with the missionaries sent out by Compton, Bishop 
of London, about the end of the seventeenth century, and to have continued 
without interruption ever since. Some species were, doubtless, introduced 
by Sir Walter Raleigh and others ; but the practice of sending out collectors 
to send home objects of natural history undoubtedly began about the period 
we have mentioned. We have seen, in preceding parts of this history, that 
Bannister, Catesby, Garden, John and William Bartram, André Michaux, 
Fraser, Lyon, and Douglas are the names of the collectors to whom we are 
chiefly indebted: and that Compton, the Duke of Argyll, Lord Petre, the 
Duke of Richmond, Ellis, Dr. Uvedale, Dr. Fothergill, and, above all, that 
most excellent man Peter Collinson, a quaker and linendraper, were the prin- 
cipal amateurs. These gentlemen, and Gray, Gordon, and other nurserymen, 
in Britain, and Du Hamel, Lemonnier, and Maréchal de Noailles, in France, 
were the principal persons who encouraged the collectors. Much, also, is due 
to those American and European authors who have explored the interior 
of the civilised portion of America, and published the result of their labours. 
From the Flora of Pursh, edit. 1814, we have made the following enumeration 
of the woody plants of North America not indigenous to Britain. 
Ranunculdcee. Atragene americana ; Clématis virginica, cordata, holose- 
ricea Walteri, crispa, reticulata, Vidrna, Catesbydna ; Xanthorhiza apiifolia. 
Winteracee. Illicium floridanum, parviflorum. 
Magnoliicer. Magnolia grandiflora elliptica, grandiflora obovata, grandi- 
flora lanceolata, glatica, longifolia, macrophylla, tripétala, acuminata, cordata, 
auriculata, pyramidata ; Liriodéndron Tulipifera, T. var. obtusiloba. 
Anonacez. Asimina triloba, parviflora, pygmz‘a, grandiflora. 
Menispermacee, Menispérmum canadénse, c. var. lobatum ; Cécculus 
carolinus, Schizandra coccinea. 
Berberideze. Bérberis canadénsis, Mahonia, Aquifolium, nervosa. 
Cistinee. Hudsodnia ericdides. 
