CHAP. III. MAGNOLIA CE. 259 
# 3. ILLI‘cIUM PARVIFLO’RUM Michxr. The small-flowered Illici:m. 
Identification. Mich. F\, Bor, Amer., 1. p. 526.; Ph. Fl. Amer. Sept. 2., p. 380. ; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 77. 5 
and Don’s Mill., 1. p. 79. 
Synonymes. lllicium anisatum Bartram; the small-flowered Aniseed Tree; Badiane & petites 
Fleurs, Fr. ; kleinbluthiger Sternanis, Ger. 
Engravings. Vent. Cels, t. 22.; Lois. Herb. Amat., t, 330, 
Spec. Char. Petals 9—12, yellowish, ovate-roundish. Sepals 3, ovate, some- 
what ciliated. (Don’s Mill.,i. p.79.) West Florida, Flowers yellowish 
_ white. From May to June. 1790. Height 8 ft. 
Description. This species is more upright and free-growing than either of 
the other kinds. The twigs and stems, which are numerous, are quite green 
when young ; but as they become old they assume a greyish hue. The leaves 
are of the same consistency as those of I. floridanum, and of nearly the same 
size, but longer, and paler on the under side, with very short petioles. The 
flowers are smaller, and not so openas those of the other species; and their 
colour is of a yellowish white. I. parviflorum is a low evergreen shrub, or 
rather bush, highly aromatic in every part when in a growing state; but the 
scent soon evaporates from every part of the plant after it is gathered, except 
from the fruit, the scent of which becomes even more fragrant, and more pene- 
trating, when it is dry. In England, this plant seldom produces annual shoots 
of more than 5 in. or 6in, in length; and it will probably attain the height of 
5 ft. in ten years, and its full size in about twice that period, In Florida it 
forms a compact evergreen bush from 8 ft. to 10 ft. high. 
Geography, History, §c. This shrub was first discovered by Bartram, and 
afterwards by Michaux, in Florida, on the bank of the lake Georgia; and it 
was sent by the latter to France, where it was cultivated in Cels’s Nursery and 
in the Jardin des Plantes, in 1789. It was kept the first winter in the con- 
servatory, and flowered in the course of the following summer. (JVowv. Duh.) 
It was introduced into England in 1790. The bark has exactly the flavour 
of the sassafras root, and the dried fruit is used for scenting linen. The 
propagation, culture, and price, in the London nurseries, are the same as those 
of the preceding species ; at Bollwyller, ?; and in New York, 1 dollar. 
CHAP. III. 
OF THE HARDY TREES AND SHRUBS BELONGING TO THE ORDER 
MAGNOLIA CE. 
Tue term Magnolidcee is applied to this order, because the genus Magnolia 
is considered as its type. The diagnostic of the order, as given by De 
Candolle, was made to comprehend some tribes which have since been se- 
arated from it; but, as the hardy species still belonging to Magnolidcee are all 
included under the genera Magnolia and Liriodéndron, a sufficient character 
for them will be: a calyx of 3 deciduous sepals; a corolla of 3—12 petals, 
disposed in threes; anthers adnate, elongated; carpels numerous, disposed 
along a spiked axis; leaves destitute of pellucid dots, stipulate when young, 
the stipules convolute, and enclosing the unexpanded leaves, Evergreen and 
deciduous trees and shrubs. (Don’s Mill., adapted.) The differential cha- 
racters of the genera Magnolia and Liriodéndron are as follows : ~ 
Macno‘i14 L, Carpe] dehiscent ; that is, opening to admit the escape of the 
seed. 
LiriopE’NDRON L. Carpel indehiscent; that is, not opening to admit the 
escape of the seed. 
v3 
