CHAP. XXI. HYPERICA‘CEA. ANDROSZE‘MUM. 403 
p. art) An undershrub 1 ft. in height, a native of Carolina; introduced in 1811, and producing 
its yellow flowers in July and August. Somewhat tender. 
App. i. Other Species of Hypéricum. 
The only truly hardy shrubby species of Hypéricum are, H. elatum, H. hir- 
cinum, H. calycinum, H. Kalmidnum, and H. prolificum. The other hardy 
species are of such low growth, that they may be considered, for all practical 
purposes, as herbaceous plants. The same may be said of a number of the 
half-hardy species. The number of these might be increased partly by the 
addition of H. répens and H. linearifolium, from the south of Europe; by 
several species from North America, which will be found noticed in p. 179.; 
and by a few from Africa. H. vdlongifolium, in the list, p. 173., appears to 
have been lost; and there are, probably, some other Himalayan species which 
will prove half-hardy. H. japdénicum Dee. (Royle t. 24. f. 2.) 1s a plant enjoying 
a very extended distribution, being found in situations where the snow 
covers the soil for nearly six months in the year, along the Himalayas, and 
on the Neelgherries. It is also found in Japan. (Royle’s Illust., p. 131.) 
Genus II. 
ie 
le 
ANDROSAMUM Chois. Tue AnpRos&mum, or TursaNn. Lin. Syst. 
Polyadélphia Polyandria. 
Identification. Chois, Prod. Hyp., 37. ; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 543. ; Don’s Mill., 1. p. 601. 
Synonymes. Hypéricum L.; Androstme, Fr.; Johanniskraut, Ger. 
Derivation. From anér, andros, a man, and haima, blood ; the capsules, when crushed between the 
fingers, giving out a blood-coloured juice. Tutsan is a corruption of toute saine, all heal; and 
it was applied to the plant formerly from its supposed vulnerary properties, 
Gen. Char., §c. Capsule baccate; usually l-celled. Calyx 5-parted, with un- 
equal lobes. Petals 5. Styles 3. Stamens numerous, disposed in 3 sets. 
(Don’s Mill., i. p. 601.) — An evergreen suffruticose plant, with sessile 
leaves, and terminal stalked flowers. 
# 1. A. OFFICINA‘LE Allioni. The officinal Androseemum, or common Tutsan. 
Identification. All. Ped., No. 1440.; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 543.; Don’s Mill., 1. p. 601. 
Sypony mes. Clymenon Italdrum L’Obdel ; Hypéricum Androsa mum Lin., Wiild., Smith, and Hooker ; 
Park Leaves (because it is frequently found wild in parks); Androséme officinale, Fr. ; breit-blat- 
triges (broad-leaved) Johanniskraut, Ger. 
Engravings. Blackw., t. 94.; Eng. Bot., t. 1225.; and our fig.109. 
Spec. Char., §c. Leaves ovate, and somewhat heart- 
- shaped, sessile, widely spreading. Flower an inch 
_ wide. A native of moist shady lanes, thickets, and 
woods in England, in the western part of Scotland, 
and not unfrequent in woods in Ireland. It was 
formerly common in the woods about Hampstead 
and Highgate, till these were grubbed up, and the 
land where they grew subjected to cultivation. It is 
also a native of Italy, Greece, and Cacausus, It 
forms a dense bush, with many stems, attaining the height of 3 ft. and up~ 
wards, and producing its large yellow flowers from July to September, 
The fruit is an ovate capsule, assuming the appearance of a berry: it is, at 
first, yellowish green, then red or brownish purple; and, lastly, almost 
black when ripe. The juice of the capsules, and also that of the leaves, is 
claret-coloured. The latter, when bruised, have an aromatic scent, and 
were formerly applied to fresh wounds; and hence the French name of 
la toute saine. In gardening, the plant is valuable as growing under the drip 
of trees, and thriving and flowering freely in almost any soil or situation, 
Plants, in the London nurseries, may be obtained at 9d. each; and at 
Bollwyller for 50 cents. 
" 
FFo 
