CHAP. XXIII. JESCULA‘CE.®. PAVIA. 469 
to have worked plants ; and indeed they should, if practicable, endeavour to see the tree from which 
the plants have been worked, when that tree is in flower. For this reason we think that nursery- 
men, who propagate varieties of these and other select flowering trees, ought always to keep speci- 
men plants in their own grounds, from which to take scions for propagation. At all events, such 
varieties ought never to be raised from seed; because, though there can be no doubt but that the 
progeny would bear a general resemblance to the parent, yet the particular feature for which the 
variety was cultivated might be wanting. For example, the flowers of the seedlings may come earlier 
or later, larger or smaller, than those of the parent. Early and late varieties of all showy-flowered 
trees are very desirable, because they prolong the season of blooming. LEarly leafing varieties of 
trees, and trees which retain their leaves late in the season, are also desirable 3 and in this respect 
the common horsechestnut varies exceedingly, as any one may observe, by walking along the avenue 
of horsechestnuts in Bushy Park in spring and autumn. There is one’ variety of the common horse- 
chestnut, exemplified in a tree in the garden of the Tuilleries, which we should like much to see 
introduced into Britain. This tree is easily distinguished, even in summer, from ail the others in 
the same garden, by the profusion of flowers with which it is covered, and also by the earliness of 
their appearance, and that of the leaves. The tree was first mentioned to us by our correspondent, 
Mr. Blaikie, some years since, as flowering always a fortnight earlier than the others; and another 
friend has supplied us with a fact respecting the individual tree at the Tuilleries, which is of some 
historical interest. On Napoleon’s entry into Paris, on the 20th March, 1815, after his return from 
Elba, this tree furnished to him and his friends foliage for their personal decoration, being the only 
tree then in leaf in the garden of the Tuilleries. (See Gard: Mag., vol. xi. p. 537.) 
Genus II. 
<1 
i Goa 2ee 
PA‘VIA Boerli. Tue Pavia, or SMooTH-FRUITED HorsecuesTNUT TREE. 
Lin, Syst. Heptandria Monogynia. 
Identification. Boerh. Lugd., t. 260. ; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 598.; Don’s Mill., 1. p. 652. 
Synonyme. Pavier, Fr. ; 
Derivation. In honour of Peter Paw, a Dutch botanist, once Professor of Botany at Leyden. 
Gen, Char, Middle-sized deciduous trees or shrubs, distinguishable from the 
horsechestnuts by the smoothness of their fruit, and the comparative small- 
ness of their flowers, which have their petals erect and narrower. The 
leaves, also, are generally smaller, and smoother. There are probably only 
three, or possibly only two, aboriginal species. 
¥ 1. P.ru‘Bpra Lam. The red-flowered Pavia. 
‘Identification. am. Ilust.; Dee. Prod., 1. p. 598. ; Don’s Mill, 1. p. 653. 
Synonymes. ZE’sculus Pavia Lin.; 4. Pavia var. « ribra Hayne Dend., p. 44.; Pavia parvifldra 
Hort. ; small Buckeye, Amer. ; Marronier Pavie, or Pavie A Fleurs rouges, Fr. ; rothe Rosskastanie, 
Ger. 
Engravings. Lam. IWllust., t. 273.; Hayne Abbild., t. 21.; Wats. Dend., t. 120.; Krause, t. 55.; and 
our plate of the tree in Vol. II. 
_ Spec. Char., §c. Fruit smooth. Corolla of 4 petals, that are longer than the 
stamens. Leaflets 5, elliptic-oblong, tapered to both ends, and smooth, as is 
the petiole ; axils of the nerves hairy on the under surface of the leaf. (Dec. 
Prod.,i p. 598.) A slender-growing tree, from the mountains of Virginia 
and Carolina; and said, also, to be a native of Brazil and Japan. Intro- 
duced in 1711, and producing flowers, which are of a brownish scarlet 
colour, in May and June. Height, from 10 ft. to 20 ft.; or, in some cases, 
to 30ft. The tree in the garden of the London Horticultural Society was, 
in 1834, 10 ft. high, after having been planted 8 years. 
Description, §c. In its native country, the P. rubra varies in magnitude 
from a low rambling shrub to a tree of 20 ft. or more in height. In England, 
_ it is in cultivation in various forms: as a tree, in which character it has, at 
Syon (see our plate in Vol. IT.), attained tne height of 26 ft.; as a pendulous 
_ tree, of 12 ft. or 14 ft. in height; and as a trailing shrub, under the name of 
P. humilis in the London Horticultural Society’s Garden, and in the arboretum 
of Messrs. Loddiges. In addition to these forms, there are several others 
which are enumerated below. 
Varieties. 
¥ P. r. 2argitaG. Don. The sharp-toothed-leaved red-flowered Pavia.— 
Figured in the Botanical Register,t. 993., and inour fig. 135. Introduced 
into the garden of the London Horticultural Society from the nursery 
of M. Catros of Bordeaux, under the name of 4’sculus Pavia par- 
viflora. It is a handsome small tree, with dark brownish red flowers, 
KK 4 
