CHAP. XXIII. “ESCULA‘CE®. PAVIA. 471 
soon as they appear, so that the entire force of the plant may be 
directed to the nourishment of the scions. Plants of P. r.h. péndula, 
in the London nurseries, are 5s. each: but, as they are rather scarce, 
the readiest way of obtaining pendulous trees is, to procure plants 
of P. r. himilis, which can be had for 2s. each, and common horse- 
chestnut trees 12 ft. high, which can be had for 2s, 6d. each; and to 
graft the shoots of the former on the tips of those of the latter. 
Statistics. In the environs of London, at Syon, there is a tree of P. rbra 26 ft. high (as exhibited in 
the plate in our Second Volume) ; at Ham House, Essex, 21 ft. high, the diameter of the head, 32 ft.; 
in mpshire, at Southampton, Aer cate planted, and 20 ft. high; in Surrey, at Bagshot Park, 12 
years planted, and 14 ft. high; in Wiltshire, at Wardour Castle, 20 years planted, and 30 ft. high ; 
in Suffolk, at Finborough Hall, 6 years planted, and 10 ft. high. In France, at Paris, in the Jar- 
din des Plantes, 23 years planted, and 30 ft. high ; in the Botanic Garden at Toulon, 40 years planted, 
and 12 ft. high. In Hanover, at Schwoébber, 40 ft. high. In Saxony, at WOrlitz, 25 years planted, and 
30 ft. high. 
Commercial Statistics, Plants, in the London nurseries, are 1s, 6d. to 2s. 6d. ; 
at Bollwyller, 80 cents; at New York, 25 cents, and nuts 40 centsa quart. 
% 2. P.ria‘va Dec. The yellow-flowered Pavia. 
Identification. Dec. Prod., 1. p. 598. ; Don’s Mill, 1. p. 653. 
ynonymes. H’/sculus flava Ait., Hayne; £. litea Wangh.; Pavia latea Poir.; the large Buckeye, 
big Buckeye, Amer. ; the yeilow Pavia. 
a _Wangbh. in Act. Nat. Scrut. Berl., 8. t. 6.; Hayne Abbild., t. 23.; Krause, t. 44.; Wats. 
nd. Brit., t. 163. ; and our plate in Vol. IT. 
Distinct. Char., §c. Petioles pubescent, flattish towards the tip. Leaflets 
5—7, pubescent beneath, and above upon the nerves. (Dec. Prod., i. p. 598.) 
This species differs from P, rubra, in being a much stronger plant, assuming 
the character of a tree of the second rate, and attaining the height of 30 ft. 
or 40 ft.,or upwards,in England. The leaves are pubescent, and much 
paler than those of P. rubra, and the flowers are yellow. The tree seems 
to partake both of the character of 4’sculus and Pavia, It is a native of 
Carolina and Virginia, in mountainous woods, and was introduced into 
England in 1764. In its native country, on the declivities of mountains, 
where the soil is loose, deep, and fertile, this tree attains the height of 60 ft. 
or 70 ft., with atrunk 3 ft. or 4ft.in diameter. The largest tree in England 
is at Syon, and is 40 ft. high, as exhibited in the plate in our Second Volume. 
The tree in the garden of the London Horticultural Society was, in 1834, 
12 ft. high, having been planted 8 years. This species is not quite so freea 
flowerer as P. rubra, and it is one of the first of the genus to drop its leaves 
in autumn: they generally commence falling about the middle of August, 
and the tree is frequently naked by the Ist of September. Like all the 
Esculacez, to thrive, it requires a deep rich soil. It is commonly propa- 
gated by buds, because the colour of the flower is found to vary much in 
plants raised from seed. A nurseryman, writing on this subject in the 
Gardener's Magazine (vol. xi. p. 249.), observes that there are two varieties 
of P. flava in cultivation in the English nurseries: one, an inferiorly flowering 
variety, generally raised from seed; and the other variety producing a 
larger flower, and of brighter colour, only to be propagated by budding or 
grafting. There are two fine grafted trees of this variety in the Fulham 
Nursery, with trunks 5 ft. and 6 ft. in circumference, and nearly 30 ft. in 
height. 
Statistics. In the environs of London, at Syon, there is a tree 40 ft. high, already mentioned; in 
the Fulham Nursery, two, nearly 30 ft. high ; at Kenwood, one, 40 years planted, whichis 37 ft. high ; 
at Ham House, Essex, one, planted by Dr. Fothergill, which is 98 ft. hi h ; in the arboretum at 
Kew, the tree is 30 ft. high ; at York House, Twickenham, 40 years planted, and 30 ft. high. In the 
Isle of Jersey, in Saunders’s Nursery, 10 years planted, and 12 ft. high. In Lancashire, at Latham 
House, 14 years planted, and 25 ft. high ; in Monmouthshire, at Dowlais House, 20 years planted, 
and 15 ft. high; in Oxfordshire, in the Oxford Botanic Garden, 40 years planted, and 34 ft. high. 
In Scotland, in Perthshire, in the Perth Nursery, 20 years planted, and 15 ft. high; in Stirlingshire, 
in Calendar Park, 10 years planted, and 14 ft. high. In Ireland, in the environs of Dublin, at Castle- 
town, 35 ft. high ; in the Glasnevin Botanic Garden, 30 years planted, and 30 ft high; in Louth, at 
Oriel Temple, 40 years planted, and 31 ft. high. In France, at Paris, in the Jardin des Plantes, 55 
jon planted, and 44 ft. high ; in the Botanic Garden at Toulon, 40 years planted, and 18 ft. high. 
n Hanover, at Schwobber, 40 ft. high. In Saxony, at Worlitz, 20 ft. high, In Austria, at Kopenzel, 
12 years planted, and 18 ft. high; at Briick on the Leytha, 24 ft. high. 
