CHAP. XXIV. SAPINDA‘CEA. KOLREUTE RIA. 475 
Genus I. 
xh 
KOLREUTE’R/A Laxm. Tue Korreureria. Lin. Syst. Octandria 
Monogfnia. 
Identification. Laxm. Acad, Petr. 16. p. 561.; L’Hérit, Sert., 18. t. 19.; Willd. Spec, Pl., 330. ; 
Dec. Prod., 1. p. 616.; Don’s Mill., 1. p. 672. 
a Sapindus sp. Lin. Fil. } = : 
ertvation, In honour of John Theophilus Kélreuter, once Professor of Natural History at Carls- 
ruhe, and celebrated for his researches on the pollen of plants, 
Gen. Char., §c. Calyx of 5 sepals. Petals 4, each with 2 scales at the base. 
Capsule 3-celled, inflated. Seeds ovate-globose, the seed-coat penetrating 
into the seed, and occupying in the place of an axis the centre of the em- 
bryo, which is spirally convoluted. Leaves impari-pinnate, of many pairs of 
leaflets that are ovate, and coarsely toothed. Flowers, yellow, in panicles, 
(Dec., Prod., i. p. 616.) —A deciduous tree of the middle size. 
¥ 1. K. panicuta’ta Larm. The panicled-flowering Kolreuteria. 
ay ae N. D. Ham., t. 36.; Dec. Prod., 1. p, 616.; Hayne Dend. p. 45.; Don’s Mill., 1. 
PR i nda Sapindus chinénsis Lin. Fil. Supp., p. 221.; K. paullinidides L’Hérit. Sert. ; Savonnier 
paniculé, Fr.; rispentragende Kélreuterie, Ger. 
Engravings. L’Hérit. Sert., 18. t. 19.; N. Du Ham., 1. t. 36. ; Bot. Reg., t. 320.; and the plate of 
the tree in our Second Volume, 
Description, History, §c. A tree of the middle size, with a loose irregular 
head, polygamous; that is, sometimes hermaphrodite, and sometimes uni- 
sexual: a native of China, and introduced in 1763. It was first cultivated at 
Croome, in Worcestershire, by the Earl of Coventry; and, being highly orna- 
mental, both from its large compound leaves and fine loose terminal spikes of 
yellow flowers, it is to be found in most collections. Considering that it is a 
native of China, it is very hardy; the hermaphrodite plants not unfrequently 
ripening seeds in the neighbourhood of London. It has not only a very fine 
appearance when in flower, but also in autumn, when the tree is covered with 
its large bladdery capsules, and the leaves change to a deep yellow, which they 
do before they fall off. It was introduced into France in 1789, and is per- 
fectly hardy in the neighbourhood of Paris, and also in the south of Germany. 
It is of the easiest culture in any common soil, and is readily propagated 
either by seeds or cuttings of the root or branches, In the London nurseries, 
it is generally propagated by seed. Though there are trees of this species of 
considerable size, both in Britain and on the Continent, we have never heard 
anything of the quality of its wood ; which, from the prevalence of a yel'ow 
colour in its foliage and flowers, may probably be of a fine colour, and yie.w a 
yellow dye. The tree ought to be in every collection, on account of the beauty 
of its leaves, flowers, and fruit. In a young state, it is sometimes seen 
with a ragged head, owing to the young shoots dying back, after wet summers 
and cold autumns ; but, as it gets older, it makes shorter shoots, and these 
have more time to-ripen. Accordingly, old trees have generally much hand- 
somer heads than young ones. The general contour of these heads is hemi- 
spherical, as may be seen by the fine old specimens at Kew, in the Fulham 
ursery, and in the Jardin des Plantes at Paris. 
Statistics. Yn the environs of London, the largest tree is at Ham House, where it is 42 ft. high 
and the diameter of the trunk, at 1 ft. from the ground, is if in.; at Kew, it is 30 ft. high ; in the 
Fulham Nursery, 25 ft. ; at Fulham Palace, 17 years planted, it is 20 ft. high ; at Syon, 20 ft high 3 in 
Berkshire, at White Knights, 25 years planted, and 23 ft. high ; in Hertfordshire, at Cheshunt, 
6 years planted, and 11 ft. high; in_ Staffordshire, at Alton Towers, 10 years planted, and 10 ft. high; 
in Yorkshire, in the Hull Botanic Garden, 12 years planted, and 8 ft. high. In Scotland, in Lawson's 
-ceragh Edinburgh, 4 years planted, and 4 ft. —- ; in Sutherlandshire, at Dunrobin Castle, 20 ft 
high. In Ireland, in the environs of Dublin, at Castletown, 15 ft. high ; in the Glasnevin Botanic 
Garden, 20 years planted, and 12 ft. high ; at Terenure, 10 years poege and 6 ft. high ; at Oriel Temple, 
25 years planted, and 30 ft, high, In France, in the Jardin des Plantes, 30 years planted, and oF ft. 
