CHAP. XXX. XANTHOXYLA‘CER. AILA’NTUS. 491 
trunk, seem to justify its original appellation of tree of heaven. On the 
first approach of frost, the leaflets begin to drop, without haying previously 
shown any great change of colour, displaying in this respect a striking dif- 
ference from the leaves of most species of his, to which those of this 
tree bear a general resemblance. 
Geography, History, §c. This species of Ai/antus is a native of the northern 
provinces of China, more particularly in the neighbourhood of Pekin. Seeds 
were sent to England, to the Royal Society of London, by the Jesuit mis- 
sionary D’Incarville, in 1751 ; and they were sown by Miller in the Chelsea 
Botanic Garden, and by Philip Carteret Webb, at Busbridge, in Surrey, in the 
saine year. As the tree produced suckers freely, it was soon generally pro- 
pagated; and there are many fine specimens of it in different parts of the 
country. The original tree planted by Mr. Webb was cut down some years 
ago; but several others, which have sprung up from the roots left in the soil, 
were in existence about the same spot when we visited it in 1834. (See 
Gard. Mag., vol. ix. p. 481.) The tree was introduced into France, in 1780, 
by Mr. Blaikie, and the oldest specimens are at St. Leu, and in the Jardin des 
Plantes. We have not heard of the timber having been applied to any useful 
purpose in Europe, because trees of a large size are not yet sufficiently nu- 
merous to admit of their being cut down for profitable application. In France 
and Italy, it is much valued as a tree for shading public walks, and is planted 
for that purpose along with the tulip tree, the horsechestnut, the platanus, 
and other large-leaved exotic trees. Its leaves are not liable to be attacked 
by insects, which is a very great recommendation, and they continue on the 
tree, and retain their green colour, till the first frosts in November; when the 
leaflets drop suddenly off, the petioles remaining on often a week or two 
longer. The tree grows in any soil, though one that is light and somewhat 
humid, and a sheltered situation, suit it best. In France, it is said to thrive 
on chalky soils, and attain a large size, where scarcely any other tree will 
grow. It is readily propagated by cuttings of the roots. It might probably 
be found a valuable tree to be treated as coppice, and cut down every third or 
fourth year for fuel. 
Stalistics. A. glandulosa in the Environs of London. The largest tree is at Syon; it is 70 ft. high, the 
diameter of the trunk 3 {t. 10 in., and of the heal 40 ft.; the trunk forms an erect column of about 
30 ft. before it branches, and the head is hemispherical. This tree fowers and fruits occasionally. At 
Kew there is a tree 60 ft. high ; in the Fulham Nursery, one 50 ft. high ; in the Mile End Nursery, 
one 36 ft. high, with a trunk 2ft. in diameter; the leaves, even in the tree of that age and height, 
measuring 4 ft. Gin. in length. At Pulham Palace there is a tree, 20 years planted, which is 25 ft. high. 
= ae London nurseries, plants are frequently to be met with, of two or three years’ growth, 12 ft, 
igh. 
= glandulosa South of London. In Kent, at Cobham Hall, 20 years planted, and 36 ft. high, the 
diameter of the trunk 1ft., and of the head 15ft. In the Isle of Jersey, in Saunders’s Nursery, 10 
= planted, and 16 ft. high. In Sussex, at Langham Park, 9 years planted, and 12 ft. high; at 
idbrooke, 3) years planted, and 30 ft. high. 
A. glandulosa North of London. In Bedfordshire, at Ampthill Park, 3 years planted, and 12 ft, 
high. In Berkshire, at White Knights, there are several] trees, 19 years planted, and from 97 ft. to 
30 ft. high, the diameter of the trunks about 9 in., and of the heads about 30 ft.: these trees produce 
flowers every year, and fruit occasionally. In Buckinghamshire, at Temple House, 3 years planted, 
and 7 ft. high. In Cambridge, in tie grounds of St. John’s College, there are two trees, both near 
the river Cam, one of which is 40 ft. high, with a trunk 2 ft. 7in. in diameter. In Warwickshire, at 
Combe Abbey, 10 years planted, and 12 ft. high; in the Handsworth Nursery, near Birmingham, 12 
years planted, and 16 ft. high. In Worcestershire, at Croome, 45 years planted, and 60 ft. high, the 
diameter of the head 90 ft. 
A. glandulosa in Scotland. In Berwickshire, at the Hirsel, 3 years planted, and 6ft. high. In 
Perthshire, at Kinfauns Castle, 8 years planted, and 1o ft. high. In Stirlingshire, at Airthrie Castle, 
10 years plented, and 23 ft. hgh. In Suthevlandshire, at Duurobin Castle, 43 ft. high, the diameter 
of the trunk 1 ft. 6in., and of the head 33 ft. 
A. aR in Ircland. At Dublin, in the Glasnevin Botanic Garden, 20 years planted, and 
18 ft. high ; at Terenure, 20 years planted, and 14 ft. high. In the Clonmel Nursery, 15 years planted, 
and 14ft. high. Inthe Kilkenny pall 7 35 years planted, and 21 ft. high. 
A. glanduldsa in Foreign Countries. In France, at Paris, in the Jardin des Plantes, 68 ft. high, 
with the head 44 ft. in diameter, flowering most years, and ripening seeds occasionally; at St. 
Leu, where it was planted on a large scale by Mr. Blaikie in 1794, itis 80 ft. high, with a trunk from 
3 ft. to 34 ft. in diameter; in the Botanic Garden at Toulon, 50 years planted, and 60 ft. high; at 
Nerritres, near Nantes, 40 years planted, it is 50 ft. high, At Geneva, at the entrance to the Bo. 
tanic Garden, there is a tree, from 45 ft. to 50 ft high, the trunk of which, in 1833, measured 7 ft. 3 in, 
in circumference at the surface of the ground; when in flower, the disagreeable odour which pro. 
ceeds from it is felt at a distance of nearly a quarter of a mile (cing minutes de distance); and its 
suckers occupy the ground for 40 ft. or 50 ft around it in every direction. In Saxony, at Worlitz, 
a tree, 20 years planted, is 25 ft. high. In Austria, at Vienna, in the University Botanic Garden, 
