MOLLUSCA OF INDIA. 51 
as seen in other genera of the Helicidee, for the fixed position of the 
bases of these spines in the integument of the lower swollen portion 
of the male organ precludes the idea of its being a spermatophore. 
On following the large duct of the penis upwards towards the junc- 
tion with it of the vas deferens (fig. 6 a), the end of the penis is seen, 
occupying the upper swollen portion; so that here we have appa- 
rently the penis and the dart-sac almost united together, instead of, 
as is usual, the dart contained in a distinct and long sac of its own; 
but this, after all, is only a question of degree, for the transition is 
seen in such rudimentary pouches of the dart in Heliw pisana (vide 
pl. xix. fig. 16, Moquin-'Tandon’s ‘ Mollusques de France,’ and Helix 
bulimoides, pl. xx.). 
Can it be that in this species the great development of spines and 
this plate has converted this organ into one of a holding or clipping 
nature on their interlocking or entanglement prior to or during 
the act of copulation ? for after expansion or protrusion the muscular 
contraction would draw these spines together very tightly. 
One of the most interesting points in the anatomy of this species 
is the relative position of the heart and renal organ (Plate VII. 
fig. 5), in which respect it has a considerable similarity to what is 
seen in Arion and Geomalacus, encircling the heart. The position 
of the ventricle is, however, different, on the posterior edge of the 
mantle-cavity and directed backwards; it is large and flatly pear- 
shaped. 
The renal organ is ovate and is divided into two portions by a 
main secretory duct, the inner portion forming a nearly complete 
narrow disk round the ventricle and commencing from near where 
the aorta is given off. The renal organ is quite free for three 
quarters of its anterior margin, the dorsal surface (which is under- 
neath in fig. 5) being spread over with the network of the pul- 
monary veins, the ventral surface of the pulmonary sac being shown 
in the figure. The retractor muscles of the eye-tentacles, odonto- 
phore, and penis (7.m. 7'., O., P.) are all situated in a line close 
together at the posterior margin of the mantle; and in this they are 
thus somewhat more like Arion, only that the muscle of the buccal 
mass has a more posterior position for its attachment. 
ANADENUS SCHLAGINTWEITI, Heynemann, Malakoz. Blit. 1863, 
p. 41. 
Anadenus schlagintweiti, Theob. Cat. C. i. p. 65. 
This species would appear to be externally very similar to A, 
altivagus, or the typical species of Heynemann, but smaller. There 
are two specimens in the British Museum which may probably be 
this species, and out of the Schlagintweit collection. They are both 
of a dark grey colour and smaller than altivagus. One is marked 
‘‘Bias at Bishisht, Kulu Himalaya ;” the second “On road from 
Simla to Sultanpur, Himalaya.” Heynemann gives, besides these 
two places, Bias Kund, Rotang Pass, and Sikkim ; but I doubt the 
Sikkim locality. 
