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1. QUERCUS. Oak. 
Styles slender, elongated; nut tomentose within; cup-scales thin; leaves or 
their lobes bristle-tipped; wood reddish. (Black oaks.) 
Acorns developing the second year. 
Leaves deciduous, large, deeply lobed. 1. Q. Kelloggii. 
Leaves evergreen, small, bright green and shiny beneath. 
2. Q. Wislizent. 
Acorns developing the first year; leaves evergreen, pale beneath. 
3. Q. agrifolia. 
Styles short, dilated; scales thickened on the back; leaves seldom bristle- 
tipped; wood white. (White oaks.) 
Acorns developing the second year; cups very thick; nuts tomentose 
within; leaves evergreen, tomentose beneath. 
Leaves entire or spinose-toothed; branchlets not divaricate; acorns 
rounded at apex. 4. Q. chrysolepis. 
Leaves coarsely spinose-toothed, undulate; branchlets rigid and 
divaricate; acorns pointed at apex. 5. Q. Dunnit. 
Acorns developing the first year; nut glabrous within. 
Leaves deciduous, more or less lobed; trees. 
Leaves dark green above; deeply lobed or parted; cups deep; 
branchlets pendulous. 6. Q. lobata. 
Leaves blue-green above, shallowly lobed; cups shallow; branch- 
lets not pendulous. 7. Q. Douglasit. 
Leaves evergreen. 
Trees; leaves entire or shallowly lobed, not spinose-toothed. 
8. Q. Engelmanni. 
Shrubs; leaves usually more or less spinose-toothed. 
Leaves nearly or quite glabrous above; twigs rusty-pubes- 
cent. 
Cups saucer-shaped; scales thick and rounded on the 
back. 9. Q. dumosa. 
Cup turbinate; scales thin. 10. Q. turbinella. 
Leaves gray with a stellate-pubescence above; twigs grayish- 
pubescent. 11. Q. Alvordiana. 
1. QuERcus Ketiocei Newb. Pacif. R. Rep. 6: 28, f. 6. 1857. 
Quercus tinctoria californica Torr. Pacif. R. Rep. 4: 138. 1857. 
Quercus californica Cooper, Smiths. Rep. 261. 1858. 
Type locality: ‘South and north of San Francisco in the Coast 
Mountains,” and “between Fort Redding and Lassen’s Butte, 
on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada.” 
Distribution: Southern Oregon southward through the Coast 
Ranges and the Sierra Nevada to San Pedro Martir, Lower Cali- 
fornia. In southern California the California black oak is con- 
fined to the coniferous forests of the mountains, and 1 is a charac- 
teristic tree of the Transition Zone. 
