(421 ) 
1. HELIANTHEMUM scopaRIuM Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Am. 
1 525 | 2038. 
Type locality: “Dry hills around Monterey, California.” 
Distribution: Northern California, southward to the vicinity of 
Los Angeles. Upper Sonoran. 
Specimens examined: Bushy hillsides, near Los Angeles, Hasse, 
June 5, 1888; near Monrovia, Dudley, Dec. 16, 1907; Etiwanda, 
Abrams 2664; Lytle Creek Canyon, Hall 1400. 
2. HeELIANTHEMUM ALDERSONI Greene, Erythea 1: 259. 1893. 
Type locality: “Mountains of the southern border of San Diego 
Co. Calif. among rocks in hard and sterile granitic soil.” 
Distribution: Foothills on the coastal slope of the San Ber- 
nardino Mountains, southward to Lower California. Upper and 
Lower Sonoran. 
This is perhaps best considered as a geographical variation of 
the former. It differs chiefly in being taller and having larger 
floral parts, characters that do not seem constant. 
Specimens examined: Vicinity of San Bernardino, Parish 4837; 
foothills near San Bernardino, Parish, June 15, 1898; Dulzura, 
Abrams 3749; Potrero, Susan G. Stokes, July 19, 1895. 
CACTACEAE. Cactus Famity. 
Leaves present, but early deciduous, subulate; spines straight, sheathed; 
glochids present, retrorsely barbed and easily detached; stems conspicu- 
ously jointed. 1. Opuntia. 
Leaves absent; spines hooked or straight, never sheathed; glochids always 
wanting; stems not jointed or if so not conspicuously; flowers borne 
on more or less vertical ribs. 
Flowers nearly vertical arising from young areolae. 2. Echinocactus. 
Flowers lateral, arising just above fully developed spine-bearing areolae. 
Ovary scaly, nearly or quite destitute of spines; tall, columnar, tree- 
like plants. 3. Carnegiea. 
Ovary and fruit spiny; stems slender-cylindric; flowers greenish- 
yellow; seeds not tuberculate. 4. Bergerocactus. 
Only the larger or taller cacti which, on account of their size, 
have the appearance of shrubs, are included in this list. 
1. OPUNTIA. Prickty Pear. 
Joints of the stems not flattened, cylindrical (except no. 4); spines sheathed. 
Stems very slender; spines usually solitary in the areoles. 
I. O. ramosissima. 
Stems stout; spines several in each areole. 
